2. Structure of Atom
The chapter delves into the fundamental structure of an atom, detailing the composition of subatomic particles such as protons, neutrons, and electrons. It explains key concepts like atomic number, mass number, and electron configuration, while also elucidating on the valency of elements and the significance of isotopes and isobars. Finally, the principles discussed serve as a foundation for comprehending chemical bonding and the periodic table's structure.
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What we have learnt
- An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties.
- Atoms comprise protons, neutrons, and electrons, each with distinct charges and locations.
- Valency is determined by the number of valence electrons in an atom's outermost shell.
Key Concepts
- -- Atom
- The smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties.
- -- Subatomic Particles
- Particles that compose an atom, including protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- -- Atomic Number
- The number of protons in an atom, which defines the element.
- -- Mass Number
- The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
- -- Electron Configuration
- The arrangement of electrons in an atom's shells.
- -- Valency
- The combining capacity of an element, determined by the number of electrons in its outermost shell.
- -- Isotopes
- Atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
- -- Isobars
- Atoms of different elements that have the same mass number but different atomic numbers.
Additional Learning Materials
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