4. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Chemical bonding is fundamental to the stability of molecules and compounds, resulting from the forces that hold atoms together. Key to understanding bonding is the octet rule, which dictates that atoms tend to fill their outer electron shells for stability. This chapter delves into the types of chemical bonds, including ionic and covalent bonds, their formation, and the properties of compounds formed through these bonds.
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What we have learnt
- Chemical bonding involves forces that hold atoms together in molecules or compounds.
- Atoms tend to bond to achieve a stable electronic configuration, often through the octet rule.
- There are primarily two types of chemical bonds: ionic bonds, formed by electron transfer, and covalent bonds, formed by electron sharing.
Key Concepts
- -- Chemical Bonding
- The force that holds atoms together in a molecule or compound.
- -- Octet Rule
- Atoms combine to attain eight electrons in their outermost shell for stability.
- -- Ionic Bond
- A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, typically between metals and non-metals.
- -- Covalent Bond
- A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two non-metal atoms.
- -- Molecular Structure
- Refers to the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, which can be monatomic, diatomic, or polyatomic.
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