11. Some p-Block Elements
p-Block elements, located in Groups 13 to 18 of the periodic table, include a variety of atoms such as metals, non-metals, and metalloids. Characterized by variable oxidation states and a range of chemical properties, they play crucial roles in both biological systems and industrial applications. Key elements such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and chlorine are explored in depth, demonstrating their significance in everyday life and environmental processes.
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What we have learnt
- p-Block elements include groups of both metals and non-metals.
- Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and chlorine have unique characteristics and applications.
- These elements are essential for life and are widely used in various industrial applications.
Key Concepts
- -- pBlock Elements
- Elements found in Groups 13 to 18 of the periodic table, characterized by the filling of p-orbitals.
- -- Carbon
- A non-metal element that forms a wide variety of compounds, fundamental to organic chemistry.
- -- Nitrogen
- An inert gas that constitutes 78% of the atmosphere and is crucial for producing ammonia.
- -- Oxygen
- Essential for respiration and combustion, composing 21% of the atmosphere.
- -- Sulfur
- A yellow non-metal significant for its compounds in industry and its natural occurrence.
- -- Chlorine
- A highly reactive non-metal used primarily for water purification and industrial applications.
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