1. Matter
Matter is a substance that occupies space and has mass, with primary states being solid, liquid, and gas. The properties of matter can be explained through the kinetic molecular theory, which highlights particle movement and interactions. Significant changes in the state of matter occur due to variations in temperature and pressure, while the law of conservation of mass asserts that mass remains constant in chemical reactions. Understanding the classification of matter, including pure substances and mixtures, is fundamental in chemistry and has implications for various applications in science and industry.
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What we have learnt
- Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space, existing in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
- The kinetic molecular theory explains the behavior of matter based on the movement and arrangement of its particles.
- Physical changes do not alter the chemical composition of a substance, while chemical changes result in new substances.
Key Concepts
- -- Matter
- Anything that has mass and occupies space.
- -- Kinetic Molecular Theory
- Theory stating that matter is composed of tiny particles in constant motion, with speed varying by temperature.
- -- Physical Change
- A change that does not alter the chemical composition of a substance.
- -- Chemical Change
- A change that results in the formation of new substances with different properties.
- -- Law of Conservation of Mass
- Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
- -- Pure Substances
- Materials made of only one type of atom or molecule.
- -- Mixtures
- Physical combinations of two or more substances that retain their individual properties.
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