ICSE Class 11 History | 5. Gandhian Nationalism (1916–1922) by Pavan | Learn Smarter
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5. Gandhian Nationalism (1916–1922)

Mahatma Gandhi emerged as a significant leader in the Indian nationalist movement from 1916 to 1922, introducing non-violent resistance to combat colonial rule. Key movements, including Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha, exemplified his strategies, while the Non-Cooperation Movement marked an era of mass political engagement against British oppression. The chapter highlights Gandhi's pivotal role in fostering communal unity and ethical leadership in the struggle for independence.

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Sections

  • 5

    Gandhian Nationalism (1916–1922)

    This section describes the rise of Gandhian nationalism and its impact on the Indian independence movement through significant events and movements led by Mahatma Gandhi.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.1

    Introduction

    This section introduces the rise of Mahatma Gandhi and his philosophy of non-violent resistance during the years 1916 to 1922.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2

    Gandhi’s Early Movements

    This section highlights Gandhi's early movements, focusing primarily on the Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha, which marked the beginning of his active involvement in the Indian independence movement.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2.1

    Champaran Satyagraha (1917)

    The Champaran Satyagraha, led by Gandhi in 1917, was a pivotal protest against the oppressive indigo plantation system imposed on Bihar's peasants by British planters.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2.2

    Kheda Satyagraha (1918)

    The Kheda Satyagraha, led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1918, was a movement where farmers in Gujarat sought relief from land revenue during a time of famine and crop failure.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.3

    Formation Of The Congress–muslim League Pact (Lucknow Pact, 1916)

    The Lucknow Pact of 1916 was a significant agreement between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League, highlighting communal cooperation for self-rule in India.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.4

    Rowlatt Act And Its Aftermath (1919)

    The Rowlatt Act of 1919 led to widespread protests across India, driven by Gandhi's call for civil disobedience.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.5

    Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919)

    The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre was a tragic event in 1919 where British troops fired upon unarmed civilians, sparking widespread outrage and fueling anti-colonial sentiments across India.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.6

    Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–1922)

    The Non-Cooperation Movement marked a significant mass mobilization against British rule in India, advocating for self-reliance and peaceful resistance.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.6.1

    Objectives And Methods

    The Non-Cooperation Movement aimed to promote swadeshi and self-reliance by boycotting British goods and institutions.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.6.2

    Participation And Impact

    The Non-Cooperation Movement saw millions of Indians participate in a united front against British colonial rule, marking a significant milestone in India's struggle for independence.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.6.3

    Suspension Of The Movement

    Gandhi suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922 due to rising violence, reaffirming his commitment to non-violence.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.7

    Significance Of Gandhian Nationalism

    Gandhian nationalism revolutionized the Indian freedom struggle by promoting ethical and non-violent movements that unified diverse communities.

    Learning Practice

References

h11-5.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Mahatma Gandhi introduced n...
  • Key movements during this p...
  • The Rowlatt Act and the Jal...

Final Test

Revision Tests