4. Growth of Nationalism
The chapter traces the rise of nationalism in India during British colonial rule, emphasizing the factors that fueled nationalist sentiments and the subsequent formation of political organizations. It highlights the transition from moderate to extremist phases within the movement and the significant impacts of events such as the Partition of Bengal. Additionally, it underscores the role of influential leaders and the effectiveness of new methods of mobilization, particularly through Gandhi's leadership, in fostering national unity despite India's diversity.
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What we have learnt
- Nationalism arose in response to colonial exploitation and a quest for self-rule.
- The Indian National Congress served as a crucial platform for political aspirations.
- Different phases of nationalism included moderate reformists and extremist activists.
- The 1905 partition of Bengal intensified nationalistic fervor.
- The press played a vital role in shaping public opinion against British rule.
- Gandhi's methods of non-violent resistance transformed the independence movement.
Key Concepts
- -- Nationalism
- A political ideology that seeks to promote and protect the interests of a particular nation, often in pursuit of self-governance.
- -- Indian National Congress
- A major political party in India founded in 1885 that became the primary platform for advocating Indian political rights.
- -- Moderate Phase
- The early period within the Indian National Congress characterized by leaders advocating gradual reform through dialogue with the British government.
- -- Extremism
- A phase of the Indian independence movement marked by more assertive demands for complete self-rule.
- -- Swadeshi Movement
- A movement that urged Indians to boycott British products and promote Indian-made goods as a form of economic resistance.
- -- Gandhi's NonViolent Civil Disobedience
- A method introduced by Gandhi that emphasized peaceful resistance to British laws and policies as a means to achieve independence.
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