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12. Rise of Militarism: Japan (1919–1937)

The chapter delves into the rise of militarism in Japan during the interwar years, examining the political, social, and economic factors that facilitated military dominance over the government. Key issues addressed include economic challenges, political instability, and the increasing influence of military leaders, culminating in aggressive expansionist policies such as the invasion of Manchuria. Ultimately, these dynamics set the stage for Japan's role in World War II.

Sections

Rise of Militarism: Japan (1919–1937)

This section explores the rise of militarism in Japan between 1919 and 1937, fueled by political instability, economic challenges, and military influence.

12 Section Overview

Start current section content and materials

12.1 Introduction

The introduction discusses the factors that contributed to the rise of militarism in Japan post-World War I.

12.2 Causes of Militarism in Japan

This section outlines the key economic, political, and military influences that led to the rise of militarism in Japan during the interwar period.

12.2.1 Economic Difficulties

The Great Depression drastically impacted Japan’s economy, leading to increased unemployment and social instability, which contributed to the rise of militarism.

12.2.2 Political Instability

Political instability in Japan after World War I resulted from frequent government changes and corruption, weakening democratic institutions and fostering the rise of militarism.

12.2.3 Influence of the Military

This section discusses how the military in Japan positioned itself as the protector of national interests post-World War I, gaining significant political power.

12.3 Rise of Military Leadership

The rise of military leadership in Japan marked a significant shift in its governance during the interwar period, leading to the suppression of opposition.

12.3.1 Growing Influence in Politics

This section discusses the increasing control military leaders had over government decisions in Japan during the rise of militarism.

12.3.2 Suppression of Opposition

The suppression of opposition in Japan during the rise of militarism involved strict censorship and the repression of dissenting voices, solidifying military dominance over the government.

12.4 Expansionist Policies

Japan's expansionist policies during the interwar period, initiated by the invasion of Manchuria and leading to its withdrawal from the League of Nations, illustrated the rise of militarism.

12.4.1 Invasion of Manchuria (1931)

In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria, marking a significant turn towards militarism and expansionism in Japanese foreign policy.

12.4.2 Withdrawal from the League of Nations

Japan's withdrawal from the League of Nations marked a significant moment of defiance against international criticism regarding its aggressive expansionist policies.

12.5 Impact of Militarism

Militarism in Japan led to aggressive wars in East Asia, significantly influencing the trajectory of World War II.

Learning Objectives

  • Militarism in Japan emerged due to economic difficulties and political instability following World War I.

  • The military positioned itself as the protector of the nation, gaining significant influence over the Japanese government.

  • Japan's aggressive foreign policies and militaristic expansion contributed to its involvement in World War II.

Key Concepts

Militarism

A political and military doctrine that emphasizes the importance of military power and the military's influence over politics.

Manchukuo

A puppet state established by Japan in Manchuria following its invasion in 1931, which served as a base for further military expansion.

Great Depression

A worldwide economic downturn in the late 1920s that significantly impacted Japan's economy, leading to social unrest and political instability.

Censorship

The suppression of information, opinions, or dissenting voices by the government to maintain control and suppress opposition.

Practice Exercises

Total Questions

3

Estimated Time

6 min

Passing Score

70%

Instructions

  • Read each question carefully
  • You can use hints if you need help
  • Complete all questions before submitting