2. Social Movements
The chapter explores the rise of social reform movements in India during the 19th and early 20th centuries, focusing on initiatives aimed at combating social injustices such as caste discrimination and child marriage. Key reformers advocated for education and equality, significantly influencing societal norms and laying the groundwork for political movements against colonial rule. Additionally, efforts to improve women's status were highlighted, demonstrating a collective push towards equity and reform within society.
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What we have learnt
- Social movements arose in response to injustices and inequalities in Indian society.
- Key reformers and organizations played a significant role in promoting education and challenging social evils.
- These movements contributed to legal reforms and greater social awareness, impacting the political landscape.
Key Concepts
- -- Brahmo Samaj
- A reformist movement founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy that advocated against sati, child marriage, and caste discrimination.
- -- Arya Samaj
- Founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati, this movement emphasized the Vedic tradition, opposed idolatry, and promoted women's education.
- -- Satyashodhak Samaj
- Led by Jyotiba Phule, this organization sought to empower lower castes and women through education and social rights.
- -- Dalit Emancipation
- A movement aimed at fighting against untouchability and advocating for social equality, prominently led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
- -- Women’s Movements
- Initiatives focusing on improving the status and rights of women, including opposition to child marriage and advocacy for education.
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