14.5.1. Surface Defects

Try these first

1. 1.

   What does ravelling refer to?

   Hint

   Think about the relationship between the binder and aggregates.

2. 2.

   What type of defect is bleeding?

   Hint

   Consider hot weather effects on pavements.

3. 3.

   What is ravelling in pavement?

   • Loss of binder
   • Loss of aggregate
   • Surface cracking

   Hint

   Focus on what is physically lost from the surface.

4. 4.

   True or False: Cracking can be caused by temperature fluctuations.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Think about how temperature affects materials.

5. 5.

   Evaluate the long-term effects of neglecting rippling on pavement maintenance and budget.

   Hint

   Consider future costs versus immediate fixes.

6. 6.

   Design a study to assess the prevalence of cracking in various climates.

   Hint

   Think about how different conditions can impact cracking rates.