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88. Numerical examples on current mirror and its applications (Part-C)

88. Numerical examples on current mirror and its applications (Part-C)

This chapter covers various numerical examples focusing on current mirrors and their applications in amplifiers, particularly common emitter amplifiers. It discusses the principles of biasing using current mirrors, the calculation of small signal gains, and the implications of early voltage. Additionally, it explores the performance of differential amplifiers utilizing current mirrors, emphasizing the importance of precision in current matching to maintain desired output voltages.

Sections

Analog Electronic Circuits

This section presents numerical examples concerning current mirrors and their applications in common emitter amplifiers, highlighting calculations related to currents, output resistance, and voltage gain.

88.1 Section Overview

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88.1.1 Prof. Pradip Mandal

This section covers the operation and design of common emitter amplifiers using current mirrors, including numerical examples of circuit configurations and calculations of collector currents, output resistance, and voltage gain.

88.1.2 Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering

This section elaborates on the use of current mirrors in common emitter amplifiers, exploring numerical examples and their outcomes.

88.1.3 Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

This section discusses the design and analysis of a common emitter amplifier circuit utilizing a current mirror configuration.

88.1.4 Lecture – 88

This section focuses on numerical examples involving current mirrors and their applications in common emitter amplifiers.

88.1.5 Numerical Examples on Current Mirror and its Application (Part-C)

This section discusses numerical examples related to current mirrors and their application in amplifying circuits, focusing on biasing, current matching, and output voltage calculations.

Common Emitter Amplifier

This section explores the common emitter amplifier configuration, focusing on its use with current mirrors for biasing and the resulting voltage gain calculations.

88.2 Section Overview

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88.2.1 Using Current Mirror

This section describes the application of current mirrors in designing amplifiers, particularly focusing on biasing, collector current matching, and calculations for voltage gain and output resistance.

88.2.2 Assumptions of Identical Transistors

This section discusses the significance of assuming identical transistors in analog circuits, particularly in current mirror applications and common emitter amplifiers.

88.2.3 Finding Collector Current

This section focuses on calculating the collector current in a common emitter amplifier using current mirrors and analyzing its impacts on the amplifier's performance.

88.2.4 Output Resistance and Voltage Gain

This section discusses the output resistance and voltage gain of a common emitter amplifier utilizing a current mirror for biasing.

88.2.5 DC Output Voltage

This section discusses the calculation of DC output voltage in a common emitter amplifier utilizing a current mirror and highlights the significance of early voltage.

Next Numerical Example

This section introduces a numerical example involving a common emitter amplifier using a current mirror to bias the active load and calculate key parameters such as collector current and voltage gain.

88.3 Section Overview

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88.3.1 Considering Finite Beta Values

This section covers the implications of finite beta (β) in current mirror circuits, focusing on their impact on amplifier performance and DC output voltage.

88.3.2 Finding Currents at V = 11.4V

This section discusses the calculation of currents and the output voltage in a current mirror setup, particularly focusing on a common emitter amplifier.

88.3.3 Additional Current Requirement

This section focuses on analyzing the current mirror circuit within a common emitter amplifier to understand the biases and outputs involving numerical examples.

88.3.4 Voltage Variation Due to Additional Current

This section discusses how variations in voltage can occur due to additional current in a common emitter amplifier using current mirrors.

Application Circuit of Current Mirror

This section discusses the application of current mirrors in common emitter amplifiers, analyzing their configuration and associated calculations.

88.4 Section Overview

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88.4.1 Differential Amplifier

This section covers the principles and calculations involved in designing and analyzing a differential amplifier using current mirrors.

88.4.2 Bias Circuit with Current Mirrors

This section discusses the design and analysis of bias circuits using current mirrors, particularly in common emitter amplifiers.

88.4.3 Numerical Calculation

This section discusses the calculations involving a common emitter amplifier using current mirrors, focusing on biasing, output resistance, and voltage gain.

88.4.4 Current Flow through Transistors

This section discusses the operation and analysis of current flow in various transistor configurations, particularly in common emitter amplifiers that utilize current mirrors.

88.4.5 Gain Calculation

This section discusses gain calculation in common emitter amplifiers using current mirrors to bias active loads.

88.4.6 Differential and Common Mode Gain

This section discusses the concepts of differential and common mode gain in analog circuits, focusing on the operational principles of amplifiers and their calculations.

88.4.7 Diode Connected Transistor

This section discusses the functioning and application of diode-connected transistors, particularly in the context of current mirrors and amplifiers.

Learning Objectives

  • Current mirrors are critical for biasing in amplifier circuits.

  • The output resistance of amplifiers using current mirrors is crucial for determining voltage gain.

  • Precision in transistor characteristics is vital for minimizing output voltage variations in practical applications.

Key Concepts

Current Mirror

A current mirror is a circuit configuration that copies a current through one active device to another, maintaining constant current regardless of load conditions.

Voltage Gain

Voltage gain is defined as the ratio of output voltage to input voltage in an amplifier, indicative of the amplifier's ability to increase voltage.

Early Voltage

Early voltage is a parameter used to represent the output resistance of a BJT in active mode, affecting the current gain and output characteristics of amplifiers.

Practice Exercises

Total Questions

2

Estimated Time

4 min

Passing Score

70%

Instructions

  • Read each question carefully
  • You can use hints if you need help
  • Complete all questions before submitting