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4. PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

The chapter delves into psychological disorders, exploring their definitions, classifications, and the various factors contributing to abnormal behavior. It emphasizes multiple perspectives on psychological issues, including biological, psychological, and socio-cultural factors, while detailing major categories of psychological disorders, such as anxiety, mood, and personality disorders. Understanding these concepts aids in recognizing and addressing mental health challenges effectively.

Sections

PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

This section introduces the concepts of abnormal psychology, covering definitions, classifications, and the major psychological disorders.

4 Section Overview

Start current section content and materials

4.1 Introduction

This chapter introduces the concepts of abnormal psychology and psychological disorders, outlining the criteria for identifying abnormal behavior, the models explaining these behaviors, and the major psychological disorders.

4.2 Concepts of Abnormality and Psychological Disorders

This section introduces the concepts of abnormality and psychological disorders, their classification, causes, and models of explanation.

4.3 Classification of Psychological Disorders

This section outlines the classification of psychological disorders, focusing on their definitions, criteria, models, and major types.

4.4 Factors Underlying Abnormal Behaviour

This section explores the various factors contributing to abnormal behavior, including biological, psychological, and socio-cultural influences.

4.5 Major Psychological Disorders

This section covers the major psychological disorders, including their symptoms, underlying causes, and classifications.

4.5.1 Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorders encompass various psychological conditions characterized by excessive fear and anxiety, which disrupt daily functioning.

4.5.1.1 Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a prevalent anxiety disorder characterized by excessive worry about various aspects of life, impacting daily functioning.

4.5.1.2 Panic Disorder

Panic disorder involves recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, causing significant distress and avoidance behaviors.

4.5.1.3 Specific Phobia

This section discusses specific phobia, a common anxiety disorder characterized by an intense, irrational fear of specific objects or situations.

4.5.1.4 Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD)

Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is characterized by intense fear or anxiety concerning separation from attachment figures, impacting children's daily functioning.

4.5.2 Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

This section discusses obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, outlining their symptoms, classifications, and implications in daily functioning.

4.5.3 Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders

This section discusses the impact of trauma and stress on psychological disorders, outlining symptoms, classifications, and treatment options.

4.5.4 Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

This section explores somatic symptom and related disorders, highlighting their characteristics, classifications, and various psychological impacts, as well as differentiating them from other psychological disorders.

4.5.5 Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative disorders involve a disruption in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, or identity, often as a response to trauma or stress.

4.5.6 Depressive Disorders

This section explores depressive disorders, their symptoms, causes, and classifications within the broader context of psychological disorders.

4.5.7 Bipolar and Related Disorders

Bipolar and related disorders are characterized by significant mood swings, including manic and depressive episodes, impacting daily functioning.

4.5.8 Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Key Terms

This section discusses the various psychiatric disorders associated with the schizophrenia spectrum, including the definitions, symptoms, and classifications of psychological disorders.

4.5.9 Psychotic Disorders

This section delves into psychotic disorders, focusing on abnormal behavior, its classification, influential factors, and various psychological disorders.

4.5.10 Neurodevelopmental Disorders

This section covers neurodevelopmental disorders, focusing on their characteristics, symptoms, and the impact they have on individuals' personal, social, and academic functioning.

4.5.11 Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders

This section delves into various disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders, exploring their characteristics, symptoms, and implications for individuals and society.

4.5.12 Feeding and Eating Disorders

This section explores the various feeding and eating disorders, highlighting their symptoms, causes, and impact on individuals and society.

4.5.13 Substance - Related and Addictive Disorders

This section provides an overview of substance-related and addictive disorders, exploring their definitions, implications, and the effects of various substances.

4.5.14 Effects of Alcohol : Some Facts

This section discusses the effects of alcohol on psychological functioning, behaviors, and overall health.

4.5.15 Commonly Abused Substances

This section examines the various substances commonly abused in society and the psychological disorders associated with substance use.

4.6 Key Terms

This section introduces key terms used in the study of abnormal psychology, providing definitions and important concepts for understanding psychological disorders.

4.6.1 New Subsection

Learning Objectives

  • Abnormal behavior is defined by deviance, distress, dysfunction, and danger.

  • Psychological disorders can be classified using tools such as the DSM-5 and ICD-10.

  • Various models including biological, psychological, and socio-cultural approaches help explain the causes of abnormal behavior.

  • Major psychological disorders include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and psychotic disorders, among others.

Key Concepts

Abnormal Psychology

The study of abnormal behavior, its causes, and treatment.

DiathesisStress Model

A model explaining psychological disorders as a result of biological predisposition triggered by stress.

Schizophrenia

A severe mental disorder characterized by disturbances in thought processes, perceptions, and emotional responsiveness.

Cognitive Model

A psychological perspective that emphasizes the role of thought patterns and beliefs in the development of behavioral problems.

Psychodynamic Theory

A theoretical approach that views psychological disorders as resulting from conflicts between internal forces.

Practice Exercises

Total Questions

3

Estimated Time

6 min

Passing Score

70%

Instructions

  • Read each question carefully
  • You can use hints if you need help
  • Complete all questions before submitting