2. Physical Features of India
India exhibits a multitude of physical features including mountains, plains, deserts, plateaus, and islands. Key physiographic divisions include the Himalayas, the Northern Plains, the Peninsular Plateau, the Indian Desert, the Coastal Plains, and the Islands, each playing a vital role in the geographical diversity of the country. The chapter provides detailed insights into the geological aspects, topographical features, and the significance of these divisions in terms of natural resources and their contribution to India’s development.
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What we have learnt
- India has varied landforms including mountains, plains, and plateaus.
- The Northern Plains are formed by the convergence of major river systems.
- The Himalayas are one of the youngest and most rugged mountain ranges in the world.
- The Peninsular Plateau is a tableland composed of ancient crystalline rocks.
- The Indian Desert has a unique arid climate with minimal rainfall.
Key Concepts
- -- Himalayas
- A major mountain range in northern India known for its high peaks and rugged terrain.
- -- Northern Plains
- Fertile land formed by alluvial deposits of rivers, significant for agriculture.
- -- Peninsular Plateau
- An ancient tableland characterized by igneous and metamorphic rocks.
- -- Indian Desert
- A dry region in western India with low rainfall and sandy terrain.
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