Best Practices for Moderating - 3.1 | Unit 7: User Testing & Evaluation | IB Grade 8 Product Design
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Best Practices for Moderating

3.1 - Best Practices for Moderating

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Practice

Interactive Audio Lesson

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Building Rapport

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Teacher
Teacher Instructor

One of the first things we need to do is build rapport with the participants. Why do you think this is important?

Student 1
Student 1

Maybe so they feel comfortable sharing their thoughts?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Exactly! When users feel comfortable, they're more likely to give honest and useful feedback. Can you think of an example of how we might build rapport?

Student 2
Student 2

We can start with some icebreaker questions or just chat a bit before we begin.

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Great point! Remember, this helps make them feel the focus is on the prototype, not their personal abilities.

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

So, the takeaway here is to always create a welcoming environment at the start of your sessions.

Encouraging Think-Aloud Protocol

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Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Another best practice is encouraging participants to think aloud. What do you think this involves?

Student 3
Student 3

Like, they should say what they're thinking while they use the prototype?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

That's right! By verbalizing their thoughts, we can gain insights into their decision-making process. How can we prompt them to do this?

Student 4
Student 4

We could ask questions like 'What are you thinking right now?'

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Perfect! This method helps us capture their emotions and reasoning in real-time, which is invaluable.

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Always remind them that there are no right or wrong answersβ€”just share their honest thoughts.

Neutrality in Moderation

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Teacher
Teacher Instructor

A critical part of moderation is staying neutral. Why do you think that matters?

Student 1
Student 1

So we don’t influence how they respond?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Exactly! If we bias their responses, the feedback could be skewed. Instead, we should only guide them when they’re truly stuck.

Student 2
Student 2

What if they just don’t know what to say?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

In that case, we can use gentle prompts to encourage them without leading them. Remember, keep it open-ended.

Using Open-Ended Questions

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Teacher
Teacher Instructor

What’s the difference between open-ended and closed questions, and why do we prefer the former?

Student 3
Student 3

Open-ended questions let them explain more, right?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Correct! They provide richer insights. For example, instead of asking, 'Did you like this feature?' we could ask, 'What did you think about this feature?'

Student 4
Student 4

Does that help get more feedback?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Absolutely! This can reveal user experiences and perspectives that are hidden with simple yes/no questions.

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Summarizing this, prioritize open-ended questions during testing to foster deeper engagement.

Introduction & Overview

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Quick Overview

This section highlights best practices for conducting user feedback sessions, focusing on effective moderation techniques.

Standard

In this section, best practices for moderating user feedback sessions are discussed, emphasizing the importance of building rapport, encouraging open dialogue, and capturing rich qualitative data without biasing responses. The methods ensure participants feel comfortable and provide valuable insights during testing.

Detailed

Best Practices for Moderating

Effective moderation is crucial during user testing as it shapes the quality of the feedback collected. This section emphasizes several key practices:

  1. Building Rapport: Establish a connection with participants, clarifying that the focus is on the prototype rather than their abilities. This helps ease anxiety and encourages open, honest feedback.
  2. Encouraging Think-Aloud Protocol: Prompt participants to narrate their thoughts while interacting with the prototype, revealing their reasoning and feelings during the process.
  3. Staying Neutral: Moderators should avoid leading questions or assistance that could influence results, only stepping in when participants are genuinely stuck.
  4. Gently Prompting: If participants hesitate or pause, moderators should encourage them to share their thoughts at that moment with guiding phrases to maintain the flow of feedback.
  5. Avoiding Closed Questions: Instead of yes/no questions, moderators should ask open-ended questions to gather deeper insights, such as asking for the reasoning behind a specific action.

The significance of these practices lies in enhancing the quality of data captured during user testing, leading to more effective design iterations.

Audio Book

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Building Rapport

Chapter 1 of 5

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Chapter Content

● Begin with rapport: Clarify goals and reassure users it's the prototypeβ€”not themβ€”that's being tested.

Detailed Explanation

It's important to start the testing session by establishing a comfortable environment for the participants. This means clearly explaining the objectives of the test and emphasizing that the only thing under review is the prototype, not the users themselves. This approach helps to alleviate any nerves or pressure the users may feel, allowing for more open and honest feedback.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine you’re trying out for a play. If the director reassures you that they’re just looking at how the scenes play out, rather than judging your performance, you would likely feel more relaxed and perform better. Similarly, testing a prototype works best when users aren’t worried about being judged.

Encouraging Think-Aloud

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Chapter Content

● Encourage think-aloud: Ask β€œWhat are you thinking?” if they’re silent.

Detailed Explanation

Encouraging participants to vocalize their thoughts while they interact with the prototype provides insight into their decision-making processes. By prompting users to express what's on their mind, researchers can gather valuable data regarding user reactions, confusion, and overall interactions with the prototype. This practice can highlight areas in the design that may not be intuitive or engaging.

Examples & Analogies

Think of a teacher encouraging students to explain their problem-solving steps in math class. When a student says, 'I chose to add these numbers first because...', the teacher can see their thought process more clearly and help them where needed.

Staying Neutral

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Chapter Content

● Stay neutral: Don’t offer help that biases resultsβ€”guide only if they’re truly stuck.

Detailed Explanation

As a moderator, it's crucial to maintain neutrality to avoid influencing the participants’ responses. If a user struggles with a task, the moderator should offer minimal assistance only when it's necessary. This approach ensures that the data collected reflects the user's genuine interaction with the prototype, providing true insight into usability issues.

Examples & Analogies

Consider a sports coach observing players during practice. If they jump in to correct a player’s technique too quickly, they might alter how the player approaches the game. Instead, waiting to see how the player handles the situation independently can provide better feedback on areas needing improvement.

Gentle Prompting

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Chapter Content

● Prompt gently: If they pause, say: β€œTell me what’s happening in your mind right now.”

Detailed Explanation

When participants hesitate or pause during the session, gently prompting them can help bring their thoughts to the surface. This technique allows the moderator to understand how users interpret tasks and identify moments of confusion, which can be critical in improving the prototype.

Examples & Analogies

Think of a friend who’s presenting a project. If they stumble, a supportive comment like, 'What were you thinking there?' helps them regain their confidence and share their thought process, enriching the discussion.

Avoiding Closed Questions

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Chapter Content

● Avoid closed questions: Use prompts like β€œWhy did you do that?” or β€œWhat do you expect next?”

Detailed Explanation

Closed questions often lead to simple 'yes' or 'no' answers that don’t provide much information. Instead, open-ended prompts encourage participants to elaborate on their thoughts and experiences, thus yielding richer insights into user behavior and expectations.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine asking someone about their favorite movie. Instead of simply asking, 'Did you enjoy it?' which might get a 'yes' or 'no', asking 'What did you enjoy most about the movie?' invites a much more thorough and insightful response.

Key Concepts

  • Building Rapport: Establishing a relationship with participants to foster openness.

  • Think-Aloud Protocol: Encouraging users to verbalize their thoughts while interacting with prototypes.

  • Staying Neutral: Moderating without bias to obtain authentic feedback.

  • Open-Ended Questions: Using questions that invite expansive responses for deeper insights.

  • Gentle Prompts: Subtle reminders to help participants articulate their thoughts.

Examples & Applications

During a user testing session, the moderator starts with light conversations to ease participants into the process; this builds rapport.

Instead of asking 'Do you like this feature?', the moderator asks, 'What are your thoughts on this feature?' to gather in-depth feedback.

Memory Aids

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Rhymes

To build rapport, make it fun, users share more, and data's won.

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Stories

Once upon a time in a land of prototypes, a moderator helped users feel safe and shared their thoughts like little birds.

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Memory Tools

BENG: Build rapport, Encourage think-aloud, Neutrality is key, Gentle prompts help.

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Acronyms

R.T.A

Rapport

Think-aloud

Ask open-ended questions.

Flash Cards

Glossary

Rapport

A positive relationship and connection between the moderator and the user that encourages open communication.

ThinkAloud Protocol

A method where participants verbalize their thoughts while interacting with the prototype, providing insights into their decision-making and emotional responses.

Neutrality

The practice of moderating without bias, ensuring that responses are not influenced by the moderator’s suggestions or reactions.

OpenEnded Questions

Questions that allow for expansive responses rather than simple yes or no answers, enabling deeper feedback.

Gentle Prompts

Subtle suggestions made by the moderator to encourage participants to think or elaborate on their responses without leading them.

Reference links

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