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8. LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

The chapter discusses the structure and importance of local governments in India, emphasizing their role in enhancing democracy by facilitating local participation and accountability. It highlights the historical evolution of local governance, particularly following the 73rd and 74th amendments which aimed to empower rural and urban local bodies. Additionally, the chapter underscores both the achievements and challenges local governments face, including financial dependencies and the need for genuine decentralization of power.

Sections

  • 8

    Local Governments

    This section discusses the structure, importance, and functions of local governments in India, emphasizing the constitutional amendments that strengthened local governance.

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  • 8.1

    Introduction

    The introduction outlines the importance of local government in a democracy and previews the key topics to be discussed in the chapter.

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  • 8.2

    Why Local Governments?

    Local governments are essential as they empower communities, ensure democratic participation, and address local issues effectively.

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  • 8.3

    Growth Of Local Government In India

    This section discusses the evolution and significance of local governance in India, highlighting key constitutional amendments and the role of local governments in promoting democracy.

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  • 8.4

    Local Governments In Independent India

    This section outlines the significance of local governments in India's democracy, particularly after the 73rd and 74th amendments which empower local governance.

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  • 8.5

    73rd And 74th Amendments

    The 73rd and 74th Amendments provided constitutional status and uniformity to local governments in India, involving the formation of rural and urban local bodies and reserving seats for women and disadvantaged groups.

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  • 8.5.1

    73rd Amendment

    The 73rd Amendment to the Indian Constitution strengthened local self-government in rural areas by establishing a three-tier Panchayati Raj framework, ensuring direct elections, and reserving seats for women and disadvantaged groups.

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  • 8.5.2

    74th Amendment

    The 74th Amendment to the Indian Constitution established a framework for urban local government, empowering municipal bodies and ensuring their democratic functioning.

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  • 8.6

    Implementation Of 73rd And 74th Amendments

    The section discusses the enactment of the 73rd and 74th Amendments to the Indian Constitution, which strengthened local governance by establishing a three-tier structure for local bodies and ensuring representation for marginalized groups.

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  • 8.7

    Conclusion

    The section emphasizes the importance of local governments in fostering decentralized democracy and the need for genuine power-sharing among citizens.

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  • 8.8

    Exercises

    This section provides exercises related to the roles and powers of local governance as envisioned by the Indian Constitution.

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References

NCERT Study Material

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Local governments play a cr...
  • The 73rd and 74th amendment...
  • Despite constitutional prov...

Final Test

Revision Tests

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