4. EXECUTIVE
The chapter discusses the structure and functions of the executive branch of government within the framework of the Indian Constitution. It contrasts parliamentary and presidential systems of governance, evaluating the roles of the President and Prime Minister, and reflects on the importance of administrative machinery in implementing policies. It highlights the need for safeguarding democratic accountability in the context of political changes in India.
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What we have learnt
- The executive is the organ of government responsible for implementation and administration.
- The Indian parliamentary system features a President as the formal Head of State, while the Prime Minister wields effective power as the head of government.
- The Council of Ministers must function under collective responsibility to the legislature, and the executive's actions are subject to democratic oversight.
Key Concepts
- -- Parliamentary Executive
- An executive structure where the executive derives its legitimacy from the legislature and is accountable to it, with the Prime Minister acting as head of government.
- -- President's Role
- In the Indian parliamentary system, the President serves as the ceremonial head of the state, exercising powers largely based on the advice of the Council of Ministers.
- -- Bureaucracy
- The permanent, professional administrative machinery that implements government policies and is tasked with ensuring the execution of laws and programs.
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