14.3. Characteristics of Open Channel Flow

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is open channel flow?

   Hint

   Think of rivers and streams.

2. 2.

   What are the two main forces acting in open channel flow?

   Hint

   Consider what pushes the water down the channel.

3. 3.

   What is the definition of open channel flow?

   • Flow confined within pipes
   • Flow of water with a free surface
   • Flow only in irrigation canals

   Hint

   Think of rivers and streams.

4. 4.

   True or False: The pressure at the free surface of open channel flow is atmospheric pressure.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider what type of pressure applies to open air.

5. 5.

   Calculate the hydraulic radius of a rectangular channel with a flow area of 10 m² and a wetted perimeter of 5 m.

   Hint

   Use the formula R = A/P.

6. 6.

   Discuss the effects of changes in hydraulic radius on flow velocity in an open channel and how does this relate to the Froude number.

   Hint

   Consider how depth and width influence flow.