2. Computer Model
The chapter details the structure and functions of computers, emphasizing the roles of the Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, and input/output devices. It explains the Von Neumann architecture model and categorizes computer functions into data processing, data storage, data movement, and control. The instruction cycle, composed of fetching and executing instructions, is also described in detail.
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What we have learnt
- The central processing unit (CPU) consists of an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and a control unit that facilitate processing tasks.
- Computing principles are based on the Von Neumann architecture, which utilizes a stored program concept for data handling.
- Computer functions can be classified into data processing, data storage, data movement, and control functionalities.
Key Concepts
- -- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- The CPU is the main component of a computer that processes instructions and manages data. It consists of the ALU and the control unit.
- -- Von Neumann Architecture
- A computing architecture that describes the structure of a computer system with a CPU, main memory, and input/output devices, operating on the stored program principle.
- -- Instruction Cycle
- The process of executing instructions in a CPU which includes fetching instructions from memory and executing them, typically involving several steps.
- -- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- A critical part of the CPU that performs arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction) and logical operations (AND, OR) on binary data.
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