Computer Organisation and Architecture - Vol 1 | 16. Instruction Design by Abraham | Learn Smarter
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16. Instruction Design

This chapter covers the design and implementation of various instructions in a computer processor, including operations related to memory and register management. It highlights the challenges of programming in low-level languages and the need for instruction sets that can accommodate more complex programming requirements. Furthermore, it discusses the role of compilers, assemblers, and interpreters in converting high-level language programs into machine-level code for execution.

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Sections

  • 16.1

    Instruction Design

    This section covers the design of computer instructions, including various arithmetic and control instructions, along with their encoding.

  • 16.1.1

    Existing Instructions And New Instruction Sub M

    This section discusses the design of a new instruction called SUB M, which is based on subtracting values stored in memory from the accumulator.

  • 16.1.2

    Memory Reference Vs Register Reference

    This section discusses the differences between memory reference and register reference in instruction design, highlighting how operations use memory locations versus processor registers.

  • 16.1.3

    8 Registers And Their Utilization

    This section discusses various register operations and instruction formatting in assembly and machine languages, highlighting their significance in processor architecture.

  • 16.1.4

    Instructions For Adding And Subtracting Registers

    This section explains how to implement subtraction and addition operations with registers and memory locations in a processor's instruction set.

  • 16.2

    Increment And Decrement Instructions

    This section explains the functionality and significance of increment and decrement instructions in a processor's instruction set.

  • 16.2.1

    Decrement Operation

    This section discusses the design of instructions related to decrement operations in a processor, specifically focusing on the accumulator and memory interactions.

  • 16.2.2

    Increment Operation

    This section discusses various increment and decrement operations on registers and memory in the context of a computer's instruction set.

  • 16.2.3

    Implementation Of Increment/decrement Without Alu

    This section discusses the implementation of increment and decrement operations in processors without utilizing the ALU.

  • 16.3

    Control Instructions

    This section discusses the design and implementation of control instructions in a computing system, focusing on operations involving the accumulator and registers.

  • 16.3.1

    Jump Instructions: Jmp, Jz, Jnz

    This section introduces essential jump instructions in assembly language, specifically JMP, JZ, and JNZ, which facilitate program control flow based on specific conditions or unconditionally.

  • 16.3.2

    Decision Making In Jump Instructions

    This section explores the creation of jump instructions in assembly language, focussing on how they enable decision-making in program execution.

  • 16.4

    Program Execution Example

    The section outlines the steps of programming execution focused on instruction design and effects in a simplified processor model.

  • 16.4.1

    High-Level Program For Totalling Marks

    This section discusses the design and implementation of instruction sets in assembly language, focusing on operations for totaling marks across subjects.

  • 16.4.2

    Assembly Level And Machine Level Language Differences

    This section discusses the differences between assembly language and machine language, explaining how instructions and operations are designed and interpreted in both.

  • 16.4.3

    Challenges With Address Manipulation

    This section discusses the limitations and challenges associated with address manipulation in programming, particularly in the context of a processor with a limited instruction set.

  • 16.5

    Execution Process Of Programs

    This section covers the design and execution of instructions in a computer program, emphasizing the interaction between memory, registers, and the accumulator during program execution.

  • 16.5.1

    Loading Programs Into Memory

    The section addresses loading programs into memory and defining various instructions utilized in assembly language for processing data.

  • 16.5.2

    Program Counter And Instruction Fetching

    This section discusses the design and implementation of instructions in computer architecture, focusing on how specific operations like addition, subtraction, and loading data occur within a processor.

  • 16.6

    Course Objectives And Summary

    This section outlines the course objectives and provides a summary of key concepts covered in the module on digital computers.

  • 16.6.1

    Achievements Of Course Objectives

    This section explores the achievements related to the design and execution of instructional codes within a computer's architecture.

  • 16.6.2

    Module-Level Problem Solving

    This section discusses the design and utilization of various instructions in a computer's processor, specifically focusing on memory and register operations.

References

ch6 part b.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • The basic structure and fun...
  • The significance of accumul...
  • The importance of handling ...

Final Test

Revision Tests