37. Effect of Soil Properties and Damping – Liquefaction of Soils
The chapter discusses the behavior of soil during earthquakes, specifically focusing on liquefaction—a phenomenon where saturated soil temporarily loses shear strength. Various intrinsic factors such as grain size distribution, relative density, and permeability influence the likelihood of liquefaction, which can cause severe structural damage. Additionally, methods for predicting liquefaction potential and mitigation strategies are explored, alongside case studies evidencing real-world impacts of this phenomenon.
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What we have learnt
- Liquefaction occurs when saturated soils lose their strength during cyclic loading, particularly during seismic events.
- Soil properties such as grain size distribution, relative density, and saturation levels are critical in determining susceptibility to liquefaction.
- Ground improvement techniques and structural solutions can mitigate the effects of liquefaction on structures.
Key Concepts
- -- Liquefaction
- A condition in which soil temporarily loses strength and stiffness due to excess pore water pressure generated by cyclic loading.
- -- Damping
- The ability of soil to dissipate energy during dynamic or cyclic loading.
- -- Cyclic Loading
- Loading that varies over time, causing repeated stress on the soil, leading to potential liquefaction under specific conditions.
- -- Residual Strength
- The remaining shear strength of the soil after liquefaction has occurred, often significantly lower than pre-liquefaction strength.
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