32. Response of Structures to Earthquake
Understanding the response of structures to earthquake-induced ground motion is critical in Earthquake Engineering. The chapter discusses seismic excitation, dynamic responses of structures, the behavior of single and multi-degree-of-freedom systems, and the principles behind seismic design and response control. Additionally, it highlights non-linear structural responses, retrofitting strategies, and recent advanced developments such as performance-based seismic design and smart structures.
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What we have learnt
- Seismic loads are dynamic and significantly differ from static or wind loads due to their complexity.
- The response of structures under earthquake conditions is influenced by their mass, stiffness, damping, and the nature of ground motion.
- Modern approaches in seismic design include performance-based metrics, advanced response control strategies, and the use of smart monitoring systems.
Key Concepts
- -- Seismic Excitation
- Dynamic forces and movements that occur due to earthquakes, impacting the behavior of structures.
- -- SingleDegreeofFreedom (SDOF) Systems
- Simplified models representing structures capable of exhibiting motion in only one direction.
- -- Base Shear
- The total horizontal force transmitted to the base of a structure due to seismic activity.
- -- Pushover Analysis
- A static nonlinear analysis method that estimates the structural response under seismic loads through the application of incremental lateral forces.
- -- PerformanceBased Seismic Design (PBSD)
- A design approach that considers various performance objectives to ensure structures can meet specific requirements during seismic events.
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