7. Sound
Sound is a type of energy caused by vibrations and travels as a longitudinal wave through various media. It has distinct characteristics, including wavelength, frequency, amplitude, time period, and speed, and can be classified into audible, infrasonic, and ultrasonic ranges. The reflection of sound follows similar principles to that of light, with practical applications in areas such as medical imaging and underwater navigation.
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What we have learnt
- Sound is produced by vibrations and travels through media as a longitudinal wave.
- Sound waves have properties such as wavelength, frequency, amplitude, time period, and speed.
- Humans can hear sounds within the range of 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz, but this range can vary among different species and decrease with age.
Key Concepts
- -- Sound Waves
- Vibrational energy that travels through different media as longitudinal waves.
- -- Frequency
- The number of vibrations per second, measured in Hertz (Hz).
- -- Reflection of Sound
- The bouncing back of sound waves when they encounter a surface, obeying the law that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
- -- Echo
- A reflected sound heard after a delay, typically at least 0.1 seconds.
- -- SONAR
- Sound Navigation and Ranging, a technique that uses sound propagation to navigate and detect underwater objects.
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