The Five Kingdom Classification system proposed by R.H. Whittaker in 1969 categorizes all living organisms based on their cellular structure, body organization, mode of nutrition, reproduction, and habitat. It divides organisms into five kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia, each exhibiting unique characteristics and nutritional modes. While this classification helps in organizing biodiversity and reflects evolutionary relationships, it has limitations, such as the exclusion of viruses and organisms displaying features of multiple kingdoms.