6. Seeds: Structure and Germination
Seeds play a crucial role in the continuity of plant life, providing a means for dispersal and germination. Understanding seed structure, including differences between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous seeds, is key to comprehending their growth. Germination, influenced by water, oxygen, temperature, and seed viability, leads to the development of a young plant from a dormant seed. The process involves significant changes in the seed that facilitate the emergence of the plant.
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What we have learnt
- Seeds are the mature ovules formed after fertilization and contain the embryo.
- There are two main types of seeds: monocotyledonous (one cotyledon) and dicotyledonous (two cotyledons).
- Germination requires specific conditions, including water, oxygen, temperature, and a viable seed.
Key Concepts
- -- Monocotyledonous Seeds
- Seeds with one cotyledon, such as maize and rice.
- -- Dicotyledonous Seeds
- Seeds with two cotyledons, such as beans and gram.
- -- Germination
- The process by which a seed develops into a seedling under appropriate conditions.
- -- Epigeal Germination
- Type of germination where the cotyledons come above the soil, seen in plants like beans.
- -- Hypogeal Germination
- Type of germination where cotyledons remain below the soil, such as in maize.
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