Respiratory System

The respiratory system facilitates the exchange of gases, namely oxygen and carbon dioxide, crucial for maintaining cellular functions.

Introduction

The respiratory system facilitates gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the body and carbon dioxide to be expelled.

Organs Of The Respiratory System

The respiratory system consists of various organs that facilitate the exchange of gases between the body and the environment.

Nose/nasal

The nose serves crucial functions in filtering, warming, and moistening incoming air in the respiratory system.

Pharynx

The pharynx serves as an important passageway for air, connecting the nasal cavity to the larynx and playing a critical role in the respiratory system.

Larynx

The larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an essential part of the respiratory system that houses the vocal cords and plays a crucial role in voice production.

Trachea

The trachea is the vital windpipe that transports air to the bronchi, linking the larynx and lungs, pivotal for breathing.

Bronchi

Bronchi are the two tubes that conduct air from the trachea to the lungs, playing a crucial role in the respiratory system.

Lungs

The lungs are the primary organs in the respiratory system responsible for gas exchange.

Alveoli

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange, playing a crucial role in supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from the bloodstream.

Mechanism Of Breathing

The section outlines the mechanism of breathing, detailing the processes of inhalation and exhalation.

Inhalation (Inspiration)

Inhalation is the process of taking air into the lungs, characterized by diaphragm contraction and chest cavity expansion.

Exhalation (Expiration)

Exhalation is the process of expelling air from the lungs, involving the relaxation of the diaphragm and rib muscles.

Exchange Of Gases

The exchange of gases involves the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli of the lungs.

Importance Of Respiration

Respiration is crucial for providing oxygen for cellular function and removing carbon dioxide from the body.

Disorders Of The Respiratory System

This section discusses the key disorders affecting the respiratory system, including asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, and tuberculosis.

Asthma

Asthma is a respiratory disorder characterized by the narrowing of airways, leading to difficulty in breathing.

Bronchitis

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchi, characterized by coughing and breathing difficulties.

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation of the lungs, impacting gas exchange and often leading to severe respiratory difficulties.

Tuberculosis (Tb)

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs, characterized by symptoms such as cough, fever, and weight loss.