ICSE Class 9 Biology | 5. Pollination and Fertilization by Pavan | Learn Smarter
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5. Pollination and Fertilization

Pollination and fertilization are essential processes in the sexual reproduction of flowering plants, leading to the formation of seeds and fruits. The chapter explores different types of pollination, agents involved, and the steps of fertilization, emphasizing the significance of genetic variation and the overall processes for the continuity of plant species.

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Sections

  • 5

    Pollination And Fertilization

    Pollination and fertilization are essential for the reproduction of flowering plants, leading to seed and fruit formation.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.1

    Introduction

    Pollination and fertilization are vital processes in the sexual reproduction of flowering plants, leading to seed and fruit formation.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2

    Pollination

    Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma, crucial for plant reproduction.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2.1

    Types Of Pollination

    This section outlines the different types of pollination, namely self-pollination and cross-pollination.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2.2

    Advantages Of Cross-Pollination

    Cross-pollination enhances genetic diversity and produces healthier offspring compared to self-pollination.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2.3

    Disadvantages Of Self-Pollination

    Self-pollination has disadvantages, mainly reducing genetic variability and potentially producing weaker offspring.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.3

    Agents Of Pollination

    This section covers the different agents responsible for pollination in flowering plants.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.4

    Fertilization

    Fertilization involves the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote, leading to the development of seeds and fruits.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.4.1

    Steps In Fertilization

    Fertilization involves the fusion of male and female gametes, leading to the formation of a zygote.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.5

    Double Fertilization (In Higher Plants)

    Double fertilization in angiosperms involves the fusion of one male gamete with the egg cell to form a zygote and another male gamete with two polar nuclei to create endosperm.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.6

    Post-Fertilization Changes

    Post-fertilization changes involve the transformation of various parts of the flower into seeds, fruits, and embryos.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.7

    Significance Of Pollination And Fertilization

    Pollination and fertilization are vital processes in plants that ensure reproduction and genetic diversity.

    Learning Practice

References

b9-5.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Pollination involves the tr...
  • Cross-pollination promotes ...
  • Fertilization includes the ...

Final Test

Revision Tests