5. Pollination and Fertilization
Pollination and fertilization are essential processes in the sexual reproduction of flowering plants, leading to the formation of seeds and fruits. The chapter explores different types of pollination, agents involved, and the steps of fertilization, emphasizing the significance of genetic variation and the overall processes for the continuity of plant species.
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What we have learnt
- Pollination involves the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma.
- Cross-pollination promotes genetic diversity and healthier offspring.
- Fertilization includes the fusion of male and female gametes leading to zygote formation.
Key Concepts
- -- Pollination
- The transfer of pollen grains from the male anther to the female stigma of a flower.
- -- Fertilization
- The fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote, which subsequently develops into an embryo.
- -- Double Fertilization
- A process unique to angiosperms where one male gamete forms a zygote and another forms endosperm.
- -- SelfPollination
- When pollen from the same flower fertilizes its ovules, leading to less genetic variation.
- -- CrossPollination
- Involves pollen transfer between different plants, increasing genetic diversity.
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