4. The Flower
Flowers are essential reproductive organs of angiosperms, facilitating sexual reproduction through the formation of seeds and fruits. This chapter explores the structure, function, and diversity of flowers, highlighting their ecological importance in attracting pollinators. By understanding the anatomy and types of flowers, students can appreciate their role in plant reproduction and ecosystems.
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What we have learnt
- Flowers are the reproductive organs of flowering plants, crucial for sexual reproduction.
- The main parts of a flower include sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils.
- Flowers can be classified as bisexual (perfect) or unisexual (imperfect) based on their reproductive organs.
Key Concepts
- -- Bisexual Flowers
- Flowers containing both male (stamens) and female (pistils) reproductive organs, allowing self-pollination and cross-pollination.
- -- Unisexual Flowers
- Flowers that possess only one type of reproductive organ; can be staminate (male) or pistillate (female).
- -- Inflorescence
- The arrangement of flowers on a stem or branch, with different forms including racemes, panicles, and corymbs.
- -- Placentation
- The arrangement of ovules within the ovary, which can be marginal, axile, parietal, or free-central.
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