11. The Modern Age in Europe
The Modern Age in Europe is characterized by significant transformations across political, social, economic, and cultural spheres from the 15th century onwards, encompassing key movements such as the Renaissance, Reformation, and the Industrial Revolution. These developments not only revolutionized European society but also had a profound impact globally, leading to new ideologies and the rise of nation-states. The shift towards scientific inquiry and enlightenment ideals also laid crucial groundwork for modern democracy and capitalism.
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What we have learnt
- The Renaissance marked a revival of art, culture, and learning inspired by classical antiquity.
- The Reformation initiated a religious movement that led to the creation of Protestant churches and significant political and social upheaval.
- The Age of Discovery expanded European influence through exploration and colonization.
Key Concepts
- -- Renaissance
- A period of renewed interest in art, culture, and classical learning, originating in Italy and emphasizing humanism and individualism.
- -- Reformation
- A 16th-century religious movement aimed at reforming the Catholic Church, leading to the establishment of Protestantism.
- -- Scientific Revolution
- An era marked by significant advancements in scientific thought, characterized by the transition from geocentric to heliocentric models and the development of the scientific method.
- -- Enlightenment
- An 18th-century intellectual movement focused on reason, liberty, and equality, influencing democratic political systems.
- -- Industrial Revolution
- A period starting in the late 18th century marked by the transition from agrarian economies to industrialization, introducing mass production and new technologies.
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