6. Jainism and Buddhism
Jainism and Buddhism emerged in India during the 6th century BCE as responses to the ritualistic practices of Brahmanism, focusing on self-discipline, ethics, and equality. Both religions emphasized key teachings such as the importance of non-violence (Ahimsa) and the belief in karma and rebirth, yet they differed significantly in their paths to salvation and philosophical tenets. The chapters detail the causes of these religions' rise, their core teachings, similarities, differences, and the historical context of their spread and decline.
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What we have learnt
- Jainism and Buddhism are reform movements that arose against the rigid practices of Brahmanism.
- Both religions prioritize ethical living and self-discipline, while rejecting the caste system.
- Jainism emphasizes severe penance for salvation, while Buddhism advocates for the Middle Path.
Key Concepts
- -- Ahimsa
- The principle of non-violence toward all living beings, central to Jainism and Buddhism.
- -- Karma
- The belief that actions in this life will determine one's fate in future lives, upheld by both Jainism and Buddhism.
- -- Nirvana
- The ultimate goal in Buddhism, representing liberation from the cycle of rebirth and suffering.
- -- Moksha
- The concept of liberation in Jainism, achieved through self-discipline and adherence to the Five Great Vows.
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