16.13.1. Introduction

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is the center of mass?

   Hint

   Think about where the 'balance' point of an object would be.

2. 2.

   How many degrees of freedom are needed per floor to account for torsional effects in a building?

   Hint

   Consider how we need to account for both horizontal and vertical movements.

3. 3.

   What result occurs when the center of mass and center of stiffness do not align?

   • No effect
   • Lateral movement only
   • Torsional motion

   Hint

   Think about how things might rotate if not balanced.

4. 4.

   True or False: You only need one degree of freedom to account for torsional effects.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider the different ways a building reacts to forces.

5. 5.

   Design a structural model with three floors where the CM and CS do not align. Explain how you would account for the torsional effects in your analysis.

   Hint

   Think of how uneven distribution affects stability.

6. 6.

   Given a dynamically loaded beam, calculate the expected torsional motion if the CM and CS are 2m apart. Discuss implications for design adjustments.

   Hint

   Consider the weight distribution and its effect on motion.