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4. Climate

The chapter provides an overview of the climate of India, characterized by its monsoon-type climate that includes distinct wet and dry seasons. It highlights the various factors affecting the climate, such as latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, relief features, and wind patterns. The chapter also discusses the four distinct seasons in India, the distribution of rainfall across the country, climatic regions, and the significant impact of monsoons on the Indian economy.

Sections

  • 4

    Climate

    The climate of India is significantly shaped by various geographical factors, predominantly featuring a monsoon system that governs seasonal weather patterns.

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  • 4.1

    Introduction To Climate Of India

    This section introduces the climate of India, highlighting its monsoon-type climate and the factors influencing weather and climate patterns.

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  • 4.2

    Factors Affecting The Climate Of India

    This section discusses various geographical and meteorological factors that influence the climate of India.

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  • 4.2.1

    Latitude

    Latitude significantly influences the climate of India, distinguishing between subtropical conditions in the north and tropical conditions in the south.

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  • 4.2.2

    Altitude

    Altitude significantly impacts the climate of India, leading to varying temperatures and weather patterns across different elevations.

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  • 4.2.3

    Distance From The Sea

    The distance from the sea significantly influences the climate of India, with coastal areas experiencing a maritime climate and interior regions exhibiting continental characteristics.

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  • 4.2.4

    Relief Features

    This section discusses the influence of relief features on the climate of India, particularly how the Himalayas and Western Ghats impact weather patterns.

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  • 4.2.5

    Wind And Pressure Systems

    Wind and pressure systems play a crucial role in shaping India's climate, particularly influencing seasonal weather patterns like the southwest monsoon.

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  • 4.3

    Seasons In India

    India experiences four distinct seasons: Cold Weather Season, Hot Weather Season, Southwest Monsoon Season, and Retreating Monsoon Season.

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  • 4.3.1

    Cold Weather Season (Winter) – December To February

    The cold weather season in India, occurring from December to February, brings cold and dry conditions, particularly to northern regions.

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  • 4.3.2

    Hot Weather Season (Summer) – March To May

    The hot weather season in India, from March to May, is characterized by high temperatures, heatwaves, and specific local winds.

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  • 4.3.3

    Southwest Monsoon Season – June To September

    The Southwest Monsoon Season, occurring from June to September, brings heavy rainfall to India due to the onset of monsoon winds from the Indian Ocean.

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  • 4.3.4

    Retreating Monsoon Season – October To November

    The retreating monsoon season marks a gradual withdrawal of monsoon winds from northwest India, leading to reverse wind patterns and significant rainfall in specific regions.

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  • 4.4

    Distribution Of Rainfall

    The section discusses the distribution of rainfall across India, highlighting regions of highest and lowest rainfall.

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  • 4.5

    Climatic Regions Of India

    The climatic regions of India can be classified broadly into five categories based on various climatic conditions.

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  • 4.6

    Role Of Monsoons In Indian Economy

    Monsoons are essential for agriculture and various sectors in the Indian economy, impacting water supply and industry.

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  • 4.7

    Important Terms To Remember

    This section outlines essential terms related to India's climate.

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References

g4.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Climate is defined as the a...
  • India has a unique monsoon ...
  • The country experiences fou...

Final Test

Revision Tests

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