19.1.4. Total Surface Force Acting on Control Surface

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is a stress tensor used for in fluid mechanics?

   Hint

   Think about how we measure forces in different directions.

2. 2.

   Define gauge pressure.

   Hint

   Consider what happens to pressure at sea level.

3. 3.

   How many components does a stress tensor have in three dimensions?

   • 6
   • 9
   • 3

   Hint

   Think about both normal and shear directions.

4. 4.

   True or False: Gauge pressure accounts for atmospheric pressure.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   What is the reference pressure in gauge pressure?

5. 5.

   In a cylindrical tank, water exerts a normal stress at the base due to its weight. If the water column is 10m high and has an area of 2m², calculate the normal stress acting at the base. Use the density of water as 1000 kg/m³.

   Hint

   Consider how density and height work together to determine pressure.

6. 6.

   Given a fluid flowing through a pipe where the velocity is halved at the outlet compared to the inlet and the input pressure is known, how would the momentum flux change?

   Hint

   Think about how momentum is calculated in flowing fluids.