18.2. Factors Affecting Energy Losses

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is head loss?

   Hint

   Think of it as how much energy is lost while moving through a pipe.

2. 2.

   Define the term 'turbulent flow'.

   Hint

   Is this flow smooth or chaotic?

3. 3.

   What is the primary cause of head loss in pipes?

   • Turbulence
   • Elevation change
   • Pipe length

   Hint

   Think about how fluid moves inside a pipe.

4. 4.

   True or False: A rough pipe surface decreases turbulence.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider how bumps impact fluid movement.

5. 5.

   A water supply pipe of 200m length has a diameter of 0.1m. Calculate the head loss if the friction factor is 0.03 and the velocity is 3 m/s. Assume g = 9.81m/s².

   Hint

   Don't forget to substitute the values correctly.

6. 6.

   Explain how increasing the roughness of a pipe could drastically change the friction factor and impact design decisions.

   Hint

   What happens to flow resistance with increased roughness?