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6. Road Aggregates – Requirements and Types

Road aggregates are essential components in construction, comprising up to 90% in cement concrete pavements. They influence the strength, durability, and overall performance of pavements, making their properties and types critical for effective road construction. The chapter delves into the requirements, classifications, and testing of different types of aggregates to ensure optimal performance.

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Sections

  • 6

    Road Aggregates – Requirements And Types

    This section outlines the essential requirements and various types of road aggregates crucial for road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1

    Requirements Of Road Aggregates

    This section outlines the essential engineering properties that determine the suitability of road aggregates for construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.1

    Strength

    Strength in road aggregates describes their ability to resist crushing under heavy loads, vital for pavement durability.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.2

    Hardness

    This section outlines the importance of hardness in road aggregates, including its definition, testing methods, and specifications.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.3

    Toughness

    Toughness refers to the ability of aggregates to withstand impact and dynamic loads.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.4

    Durability And Soundness

    Durability and soundness of road aggregates assess their resistance to weathering effects, particularly under varying environmental conditions.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.5

    Shape Of Particles

    The shape of aggregate particles significantly affects the performance of road constructions by influencing how well they interlock and compact.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.6

    Adhesion With Bitumen

    This section discusses the importance of adhesion between aggregates and bitumen in road construction, including testing methods and improvement techniques.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.7

    Water Absorption And Specific Gravity

    This section discusses the importance of water absorption and specific gravity in road aggregates, highlighting their impact on mix design and performance.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2

    Types Of Road Aggregates

    This section details different classifications of road aggregates based on their source, size, shape, and geological origin.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.1

    Based On Source

    This section categorizes road aggregates according to their origin into three main types: natural, artificial, and recycled aggregates.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.1(a)

    Natural Aggregates

    Natural aggregates are directly sourced from rock deposits and play a crucial role in road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.1(b)

    Artificial Aggregates

    Artificial aggregates are materials produced through industrial processes or modifications from natural sources, playing a critical role in road construction.

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  • 6.2.1(c)

    Recycled Aggregates

    Recycled aggregates are derived from demolished concrete and asphalt for sustainable construction, significantly aiding in environmental conservation.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.2

    Based On Size

    This section details the classification of road aggregates based on their size, including coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, and filler materials.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.2(a)

    Coarse Aggregates

    Coarse aggregates are crucial components in road construction, significantly impacting the durability and strength of pavements.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.2(b)

    Fine Aggregates

    Fine aggregates are critical components in road construction, influencing the mixture's performance and stability.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.2(c)

    Filler Materials

    Filler materials are crucial components in road construction, enhancing stability and performance by filling voids in the aggregate mix.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.3

    Based On Shape

    The section describes the various shapes of aggregates used in road construction, highlighting their significance and applications.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.4

    Based On Geological Origin

    This section discusses the classification of road aggregates based on their geological origin, focusing on igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.4(a)

    Igneous Rocks

    This section focuses on igneous rocks, exploring their properties, types, and applications in road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.4(b)

    Sedimentary Rocks

    Sedimentary rocks, including limestone and sandstone, are moderate in strength and durability, primarily suited for low to medium traffic roads in construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.4(c)

    Metamorphic Rocks

    Metamorphic rocks are characterized by their hardness and density, making them suitable for heavy traffic roads.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.3

    Aggregate Gradation And Its Importance

    Aggregate gradation refers to the distribution of particle sizes within an aggregate sample, crucial for ensuring optimal compaction, strength, and durability in road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.3.1

    Definition

    Gradation refers to the distribution of particle sizes within an aggregate sample, influencing pavement strength and durability.

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  • 6.3.2

    Importance

    Gradation is vital for road aggregate performance, assuring compaction and durability.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.3.3

    Gradation Types

    This section discusses three primary types of aggregate gradation: dense graded, open graded, and gap graded, each serving distinct purposes in road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.4

    Specifications For Road Aggregates (Irc/morth)

    This section outlines the specifications set by IRC and MORTH for road aggregates, focusing on their properties and corresponding limits for different road layers.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.5

    Aggregate Tests And Standards

    This section outlines the key tests and standards for assessing road aggregates, ensuring they meet necessary engineering requirements.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.5.1

    Crushing Strength Test

    The Crushing Strength Test evaluates the resistance of aggregate materials to crushing under compressive load, essential for determining their suitability for road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.5.2

    Abrasion Test

    The Abrasion Test is a critical assessment to measure the wear resistance of aggregates used in road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.5.3

    Impact Value Test

    The Impact Value Test evaluates the toughness of aggregates under impact, a crucial factor in road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.5.4

    Soundness Test

    The Soundness Test assesses the durability of aggregates under weathering, crucial for road construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.5.5

    Shape Tests

    Shape tests assess the geometric properties of aggregates, specifically their flakiness and elongation, which impact their performance in construction.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.5.6

    Water Absorption & Specific Gravity

    This section discusses water absorption and specific gravity of road aggregates, highlighting their significance in the quality and performance of pavement materials.

    Learning Practice

References

Chapter_6_Road.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Aggregates are crucial for ...
  • The suitability of aggregat...
  • Different types of aggregat...

Final Test

Revision Tests