2. Networking in Java (Sockets & Protocols)
Java provides a comprehensive API for network programming through the java.net package, enabling developers to create efficient client-server applications. It supports both TCP and UDP communication, offering reliability and speed, respectively. Multithreading is utilized for handling multiple clients concurrently, while Java's ability to interact with web protocols enhances its functionality for real-world applications.
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What we have learnt
- Java provides a powerful API for network programming through the java.net package.
- TCP-based communication uses Socket and ServerSocket classes for reliable, ordered data transmission.
- UDP-based communication uses DatagramSocket and DatagramPacket for faster but connectionless data exchange.
- Multi-threading allows Java servers to handle multiple client requests simultaneously.
- Java can interact with web servers and URLs using URL, URLConnection, and HttpClient.
- Real-world protocols like HTTP, FTP, and SMTP can be implemented using Java or external libraries.
Key Concepts
- -- IP Address
- A unique identifier for a device on a network.
- -- Port
- A communication endpoint for each service or application.
- -- Protocol
- A set of rules that govern data communication, including TCP and UDP.
- -- TCP
- Transmission Control Protocol, which is connection-oriented and reliable.
- -- UDP
- User Datagram Protocol, which is connectionless, faster but less reliable.
- -- ClientServer Model
- A model where the client initiates requests, and the server responds.
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