8. CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE
Cells are the fundamental units of life, forming the basis of all living organisms, and can be classified as prokaryotic or eukaryotic based on the presence of membrane-bound nuclei and organelles. The cell theory, formulated by Schleiden and Schwann, posits that all living organisms are composed of cells that arise from pre-existing cells. This chapter explores the structure and function of various cell organelles, emphasizing their roles in maintaining life's processes.
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What we have learnt
- Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms.
- The concept of the cell theory states that all living organisms are composed of cells and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
- Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.
Key Concepts
- -- Cell
- The basic unit of life that can exist independently or as part of a multicellular organism.
- -- Cell Theory
- A scientific theory stating that all living things are composed of cells and new cells are produced from existing cells.
- -- Prokaryotic Cells
- Cells without membrane-bound nuclei and organelles, characteristic of bacteria and archaea.
- -- Eukaryotic Cells
- Cells with a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, found in animals, plants, fungi, and protists.
- -- Organelles
- Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes necessary for cellular function.
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