CBSE 11 Biology | 18. Neural Control and Coordination by Pavan | Learn Smarter
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18. Neural Control and Coordination

The neural system plays a vital role in coordinating and integrating functions of various organs, maintaining homeostasis, and processing information. Neurons, as the functional units of the neural system, are excitable cells that transmit nerve impulses through a series of electrical changes. The chapter details the structure of the human nervous system, including the central and peripheral systems, and explains the mechanisms of nerve impulse generation and transmission at synapses.

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Sections

  • 18

    Neural Control And Coordination

    The neural system coordinates organ functions to maintain homeostasis, utilizing neurons to transmit signals rapidly and effectively.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.1

    Neural System

    The neural system coordinates various organ functions in the body, maintaining homeostasis through a network of neurons.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2

    Human Neural System

    The human neural system is essential for coordinating and integrating bodily functions, consisting of the central and peripheral systems.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.1

    Central Neural System (Cns)

    The Central Neural System (CNS) is a critical component of the human neural system, consisting of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing and integrating information.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.2

    Peripheral Neural System (Pns)

    The Peripheral Neural System connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body, transmitting sensory and motor signals.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.2.1

    Afferent Fibres

    Afferent fibers are crucial components of the peripheral nervous system, transmitting sensory information to the central nervous system for processing.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.2.2

    Efferent Fibres

    Efferent fibres are responsible for transmitting regulatory impulses from the central nervous system to peripheral organs and tissues.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.2.3

    Somatic Neural System

    The somatic neural system is responsible for relaying impulses from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles, enabling voluntary movements.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.2.4

    Autonomic Neural System

    The autonomic neural system regulates involuntary body functions and is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.2.4.1

    Sympathetic Neural System

    The sympathetic neural system is a critical part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses by mobilizing energy resources and regulating involuntary bodily functions.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.2.4.2

    Parasympathetic Neural System

    The Parasympathetic Neural System is crucial for regulating involuntary body functions, promoting relaxation, and conserving energy.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.2.2.5

    Visceral Nervous System

    The visceral nervous system is a crucial component of the peripheral nervous system that transmits impulses between the central nervous system and the internal organs.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.3

    Neuron As Structural And Functional Unit Of Neural System

    This section focuses on the structure and function of neurons, the fundamental units of the neural system.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.3.1

    Generation And Conduction Of Nerve Impulse

    This section covers how nerve impulses are generated and conducted in neurons, emphasizing the importance of ion concentrations and membrane potentials.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.3.2

    Transmission Of Impulses

    Nerve impulses are transmitted between neurons through synapses, which can be electrical or chemical.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.4

    Central Neural System

    The Central Neural System (CNS) includes the brain and spinal cord, serving as the command center for bodily functions and coordination.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.4.1

    Forebrain

    The forebrain consists of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus, integral for processing sensory information and regulating vital functions.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.4.2

    Midbrain

    The midbrain is a crucial part of the brain that is situated between the forebrain and hindbrain, playing a key role in the processing of sensory information and motor control.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.4.3

    Hindbrain

    The hindbrain is essential for controlling vital functions and coordinating movements through its structures: the pons, cerebellum, and medulla.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.5

    Summary

    This section emphasizes the coordination function of the neural system and explains key components such as neurons and the transmission of nerve impulses.

    Learning Practice

  • 18.6

    Exercises

    This section includes a variety of exercises designed to reinforce understanding of neural control and coordination.

    Learning Practice

References

NCERT Study Material

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Neurons are specialized cel...
  • The human neural system is ...
  • Nerve impulses are transmit...

Final Test

Revision Tests