Computer Organisation and Architecture - Vol 2 | 13. Instruction Fetch and Execution by Abraham | Learn Smarter
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13. Instruction Fetch and Execution

13. Instruction Fetch and Execution

The chapter explores instruction execution in a computer architecture context, detailing the process from instruction fetching to execution. It outlines the stages involved in both memory and register-based instructions, emphasizing the flow of data through various registers and control signals. The complexities of control signals and how they facilitate different arithmetic operations are also discussed, leading to a better understanding of CPU architecture and operation.

18 sections

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Sections

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  1. 13.1
    Instruction Fetch And Execution

    This section explains the stages of instruction fetching and execution in a...

  2. 13.1.1
    Stage 1: Program Counter Update

    This section outlines the process of updating the program counter (PC) and...

  3. 13.1.2
    Stage 2: Memory Read

    This section focuses on the memory-read stage of instruction execution,...

  4. 13.1.3
    Stage 3: Loading Instruction Into Register

    This section details the process of loading an instruction from memory to...

  5. 13.1.4
    Stage 4: Instruction Execution

    This section outlines the fourth stage of instruction execution in a CPU,...

  6. 13.1.5
    Stage 5: Memory Operand Fetch

    This section provides a detailed overview of Stage 5 of the memory operand...

  7. 13.1.6
    Stage 6: Complete Instruction Execution

    This section elaborates on the execution phase of instruction processing in...

  8. 13.2
    Arithmetic Operations

    This section delves into arithmetic operations within CPU instruction...

  9. 13.2.1
    Add Operation: Register Mode

    This section discusses the ADD operation in register mode, detailing the...

  10. 13.2.2
    Stage 1: Operand Loading From Registers

    This section explores the process of loading operands from registers within...

  11. 13.2.3
    Stage 2: Alu Operation

    In this section, we explore the operations performed by the ALU during the...

  12. 13.2.4
    Stage 3: Result Storage

    Stage 3 discusses the crucial processes involving the storage of results...

  13. 13.3
    Cpu Architecture And Instruction Control

    This section explains the various stages involved in CPU instruction...

  14. 13.3.1
    Single Bus Architecture Overview

    The section outlines the key concepts of single bus architecture, detailing...

  15. 13.3.2
    Control Signal Generation In Fetching Instructions

    This section explains the process of control signal generation during the...

  16. 13.3.3
    Designing Control Steps For Different Instructions

    This section discusses how control steps are structured for different...

  17. 13.4
    Conclusion And Next Steps

    The section provides a summary of the instruction fetch, decode, and...

  18. 13.4.1
    Summary Of Instruction Execution Phases

    This section outlines the phases involved in the execution of instructions...

What we have learnt

  • The stages of instruction execution include fetching, decoding, and executing instructions.
  • Control signals play a crucial role in communicating between different components of the CPU.
  • Different types of operations (memory vs. register-based) influence the way instructions are processed.

Key Concepts

-- Control Signals
Signals that are used to control the operation of the CPU and coordinate the activities of various components.
-- Instruction Register (IR)
A register that holds the current instruction being executed by the CPU.
-- Memory Address Register (MAR)
A register that holds the address of the memory location from which data is being read or to which data is being written.
-- Memory Data Register (MDR)
A register that holds the data being transferred to or from the memory.
-- Program Counter (PC)
A register that contains the address of the next instruction to be executed.

Additional Learning Materials

Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.