5. Procedure Call Overview
This chapter explores the basic organization and architecture of a CPU, with a focus on how procedure calls are implemented. It examines the role of the stack pointer, the mechanics of saving context before a procedure call, and the procedure for returning to the main program. Detailed illustrations of stack operations during nested procedure calls enhance the understanding of CPU operations regarding memory management.
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What we have learnt
- The procedure call mechanism involves three simple steps: save context, call the procedure, and return to the main program.
- A stack is used to manage the context of different procedures, with the stack pointer indicating the top of the stack.
- Nested procedure calls involve saving and regaining multiple contexts, showcasing the complexity of stack operations.
Key Concepts
- -- Stack Pointer
- A special register that points to the top of the stack, helping manage where data is pushed and popped during procedure calls.
- -- Context Saving
- The process of storing the current program status, including variables and program counter values, before executing a procedure.
- -- Nested Procedure Call
- A scenario where one procedure calls another, requiring additional context to be saved on the stack for proper execution.
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