4. MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM
The chapter delves into the interconnection of electricity and magnetism, emphasizing the principles surrounding electric fields, magnetic fields, and the forces exerted on moving charges. Key concepts include the Lorentz force, the Biot-Savart law, and the behaviors of current-carrying conductors in magnetic fields, alongside practical measurements via a moving coil galvanometer. The chapter ultimately bridges theoretical understanding with practical applications relevant to electromagnetism.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- Electric and magnetic phenomena are interrelated, as demonstrated by Oersted's observations.
- Moving charges produce magnetic fields, and a magnetic field exerts forces on moving charges.
- The behavior of magnetic fields around conductors can be quantitively described by the Biot-Savart law and Ampere's circuital law.
Key Concepts
- -- Lorentz Force
- The total force experienced by a charged particle moving in an electric and magnetic field.
- -- BiotSavart Law
- A mathematical relationship that calculates the magnetic field generated by an electric current.
- -- Ampere's Circuital Law
- An integral form of Ohm's law relating the magnetic field in a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop.
- -- Magnetic Moment
- A vector quantity representing the magnetic strength and orientation of a magnet or current-carrying loop.
- -- Moving Coil Galvanometer
- An instrument used to measure electric current by utilizing the torque on a coil in a magnetic field.
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