16. Performance Factor of Paging and Caching
The chapter focuses on CPU performance factors, particularly in relation to paging and memory access times. Key concepts include calculating CPU time, miss rates, and the implications of page faults in context to memory access. It introduces page replacement algorithms and discusses their importance in maintaining low page fault rates to optimize overall system performance.
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What we have learnt
- CPU time for a program includes clock cycles spent executing and waiting for memory access.
- Memory stall cycles can significantly affect performance based on miss rates and penalties.
- Page replacement is necessary when there are no free frames in physical memory to ensure efficient memory management.
Key Concepts
- -- CPU Time
- The total time taken by the CPU to execute instructions, consisting of execution time and memory stall time.
- -- Average Memory Access Time (AMAT)
- The average time needed to access memory, factoring in hit time and miss penalties.
- -- Page Fault
- An event occurring when a program accesses a page that is not present in physical memory, necessitating retrieval from disk storage.
- -- Miss Rate
- The frequency at which requests for data result in misses, necessitating additional memory access times.
- -- Page Replacement Algorithm
- A strategy used to decide which memory pages to swap out when new pages are needed and memory is full.
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