26. Lecture – 34 - Computer Organisation and Architecture - Vol 3
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26. Lecture – 34

26. Lecture – 34

This chapter elaborates on the concept of interrupt-driven I/O in computer organization, detailing its necessity over programmed I/O. It explains the sequence of events that occur during interrupt processing, emphasizing the importance of context switching, interrupt service routines, and the handling of processor states during interruptions. The chapter concludes with a focus on the advantages of interrupt-driven systems in enhancing CPU efficiency and reducing idle time.

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  1. 26.1
    Computer Organization And Architecture: A Pedagogical Aspect

    This section explores the concept of Interrupt Driven I/O in computer...

  2. 26.2
    Lecture – 34

    The section discusses interrupt-driven I/O, its necessity, control signals,...

  3. 26.2.1
    Interrupt Driven I/o

    This section explains Interrupt Driven I/O, highlighting its importance in...

  4. 26.3
    Objectives Of The Unit

    This section outlines the objectives of studying Interrupt Driven I/O,...

  5. 26.3.1
    Objective 1: Discuss The Need Of Interrupt Driven I/o Transfer

    This section discusses the significance of interrupt-driven I/O in computer...

  6. 26.3.2
    Objective 2: Specify The Control Signal Needed For Interrupt Driven I/o Transfer

    This section outlines the control signals necessary for an interrupt-driven...

  7. 26.3.3
    Objective 3: Explain The Design Issues Of Interrupt Driven I/o Transfer

    This section discusses the design issues associated with interrupt-driven...

  8. 26.4
    Advantages Of Interrupt Driven I/o

    Interrupt Driven I/O eliminates busy waiting by allowing the CPU to perform...

  9. 26.4.1
    Eliminating Busy Waiting

    This section discusses the shift from programmed I/O to interrupt-driven...

  10. 26.5
    Basic Operations Of Interrupt Driven I/o

    This section covers the operations and design issues of interrupt-driven...

  11. 26.5.1
    Cpu Issues Read Command

    This section introduces interrupt-driven I/O operations in CPU architecture,...

  12. 26.5.2
    I/o Module Interrupts Cpu

    This section discusses the concept of interrupt-driven I/O, illustrating its...

  13. 26.6
    Actions From Cpu Viewpoint

    This section focuses on the actions taken by the CPU during interrupt-driven...

  14. 26.6.1
    Instruction Cycle And Checking For Interrupts

    This section introduces the concept of interrupt driven I/O, highlighting...

  15. 26.6.2
    Interrupt Service Routine

    This section explains the concept of interrupt service routines (ISRs) in...

  16. 26.7
    Context Switching During Interrupts

    This section covers the concept of context switching during interrupts in...

  17. 26.7.1
    Saving Processor Context

    This section discusses the concept of saving processor context in...

  18. 26.7.2
    Restoring Processor Context

    This section discusses the mechanisms and steps involved in restoring...

  19. 26.8
    Instruction Cycle State Diagram

    The Instruction Cycle State Diagram outlines the steps involved in...

  20. 26.8.1
    State Flow During Instruction Execution

    This section covers the operation and benefits of interrupt-driven I/O in...

  21. 26.8.2
    Handling Interrupts During Execution

    This section discusses the interrupt driven I/O mechanism, emphasizing its...

  22. 26.9
    Similarities Between Interrupts And Subroutine Calls

    This section explores the similarities between interrupt-driven I/O...

  23. 26.9.1
    Comparison Of Interrupt Handling And Subroutine Calls

    This section compares interrupt handling to subroutine calls, outlining...

  24. 26.10
    Program Status Word

    This section discusses the significance and functioning of the program...

  25. 26.10.1
    Description Of Program Status Word Bits

    This section delves into interrupt driven I/O operations and their...

What we have learnt

  • Interrupt-driven I/O significantly reduces CPU busy waiting, allowing the processor to perform other tasks while waiting for I/O operations to complete.
  • Effective handling of interrupts necessitates the preservation and restoration of processor context using a system stack.
  • The interaction between hardware and software in interrupt processing provides a balanced approach to manage system resources efficiently.

Key Concepts

-- Interruptdriven I/O
A method of input/output processing that allows the CPU to perform other tasks while waiting for I/O operations to complete, initiated by an interrupt signal.
-- Context Switching
The process of saving the state of a CPU so that it can be restored and execution resumed from the same point later.
-- Interrupt Service Routine (ISR)
A special block of code that is executed in response to an interrupt, responsible for handling the interrupt and performing necessary data transfers.
-- Program Status Word (PSW)
A word containing the status information of the currently running program, including result flags and control information.

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