1. Linear Differential Equations
The chapter introduces linear differential equations, emphasizing their importance in modeling various engineering problems. It covers first-order and second-order linear differential equations, classification based on order and degree, and standard methods to solve them, including the integrating factor and methods for finding particular solutions. The applications of these equations in civil engineering fields such as structural analysis, fluid mechanics, and geotechnical engineering are also highlighted.
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What we have learnt
- Linear differential equations are essential tools in engineering problem solving.
- The methods for solving first-order and second-order linear differential equations include the integrating factor and the auxiliary equation.
- Applications in civil engineering demonstrate the practical relevance of differential equations for structural analysis, fluid mechanics, and transportation models.
Key Concepts
- -- Differential Equation
- An equation that involves an unknown function and its derivatives.
- -- Order and Degree
- Order refers to the highest derivative present in the equation, while degree refers to the power of the highest derivative.
- -- Linear Differential Equation
- A differential equation where the dependent variable and its derivatives appear to the first power and are not multiplied together.
- -- Integrating Factor
- A function used to convert a first-order linear differential equation into a form that can be integrated directly.
- -- Auxiliary Equation
- An equation derived from a homogeneous second-order linear differential equation used to find the characteristic roots.
- -- Complementary Function and Particular Solution
- Complementary function is the solution to the homogeneous equation, while the particular solution addresses the non-homogeneous part.
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