1.1.4. Examples in Pipe Systems

Try these first

1. 1.

   Define velocity defect.

   Hint

   Think about how velocity changes in turbulent conditions.

2. 2.

   What are major losses in a pipe system?

   Hint

   Consider friction factors in pipe flows.

3. 3.

   What does the velocity defect measure?

   • Average velocity
   • Instantaneous velocity
   • Difference between velocities

   Hint

   Key focus is on 'difference.'

4. 4.

   True or False: Minor losses occur due only to friction.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider other factors that might cause losses.

5. 5.

   Design a pipe system involving two reservoirs with given height differences. Calculate expected flow rates using Darcy-Weisbach, factoring both major and minor losses in the system.

   Hint

   Use well-defined equations to relate head loss to flow velocities.

6. 6.

   For three branching paths in a parallel pipe system, derive an expression for how flow divides among them given a total inflow.

   Hint

   Use energy balance to equate necessary inflows and outflows.