Graphical Radial Triangulation

Graphical radial triangulation is a technique used in photogrammetry to accurately position photographs using simple instruments.

Steps For Graphical Radial Triangulation

Graphical radial triangulation is a method used to align aerial photographs and map out terrain using simple tools.

Common Scale In Triangulation

This section covers the methods and processes involved in achieving a common scale in photogrammetry and triangulation, focusing on graphical and block triangulation techniques.

Scaling In Arundel’s Method

This section details the Arundel method for graphical radial triangulation, emphasizing procedures for scaling photographs in aerial mapping.

Block Triangulation

Block triangulation enhances internal strength and accuracy compared to strip triangulation methods in photogrammetry.

Analog Aerial Triangulation

This section discusses the analog aerial triangulation method, outlining its process for obtaining accurate mapping from aerial photographs.

Semi-Analytical Aerial Triangulation

This section discusses semi-analytical aerial triangulation, detailing methods and graphical techniques for processing aerial photographs and establishing control points.

Analytical Aerial Triangulation

This section covers the process of analytical aerial triangulation, including importance, techniques, and methods for achieving accurate aerial photography.

Digital Aerial Triangulation

This section outlines the process and techniques involving digital aerial triangulation in photogrammetry, detailing various methods and aspects related to it.

Orientation Parameters

This section details the six orientation parameters necessary for aerial triangulation and explains how control points help determine these parameters.

Bundle Adjustment

Bundle adjustment is an essential algorithm in triangulation that adjusts all photos simultaneously to create an accurate spatial model using light ray intersections.

Photogrammetric Mapping

Photogrammetric mapping involves using aerial photography and photogrammetric techniques to measure and analyze land for topographical mapping, curating essential data through methods like mosaicing and digital imagery.

Mosaics

Mosaics involve assembling overlapping aerial photographs to create a continuous representation of the Earth's surface, essential for accurate mapping.

Stereo-Plotting Instruments

This section discusses stereo-plotting instruments that establish accurate 3D coordinates from aerial imagery.

Types Of Stereo-Plotting Instruments

This section describes various types of stereo-plotting instruments and their application in photogrammetry.

Photogrammetric Software

This section discusses various types of photogrammetric software used for analyzing and mapping in photogrammetry, categorizing them into free source and commercial software.

Unit Summary

This unit provides an overview of photogrammetry, covering key concepts and methods in graphical and aerial triangulation.

Solved Examples

This section outlines a series of solved examples that demonstrate the principles and applications of photogrammetry, particularly focused on calculating scales, flying heights, and lengths of lines on photographs.

Example 4.1

Example 4.2

This section discusses graphical radial triangulation methods in photogrammetry, emphasizing the processes of selecting control points and adjusting photos to a common scale.

Example 4.3

Example 4.4

Example 4.5

Example 4.6

Example 4.7

Example 4.8

This section describes the graphical radial triangulation process and the use of photogrammetry in mapping.

Example 4.9

This section discusses the process of radial line triangulation using graphical methods and outlines the principles of aerial triangulation and their significance.

Example 4.10