Surveying and Geomatics | 1. Surveying by Abraham | Learn Smarter
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Knowledge
1. Surveying

Surveying plays a fundamental role in civil engineering, focusing on the accurate measurement of Earth's surfaces to establish positions for construction and mapping. Principles such as working from whole to part and using multiple measurements to establish points guide effective surveying practices. The evolution of surveying techniques, from manual traditional methods to advanced digital technologies, underscores the significant importance of accurate surveys in modern engineering projects.

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Sections

  • 1

    Surveying

    This section explores the fundamental principles, types, instruments, and significance of surveying in civil engineering.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.1

    Unit Specifics

    This section outlines the core principles of surveying, various types and methods used, and the importance of surveying in civil engineering.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.2

    Rationale

    This section discusses the rationale behind surveying, emphasizing the significance of various surveying tools and methods for accurate data collection and map creation.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.3

    Pre-Requisite

    This section outlines the mathematical prerequisites essential for understanding surveying, specifically focusing on geometry, trigonometry, and knowledge of the Earth's surface.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.4

    Unit Outcomes

    This section outlines the expected outcomes for students upon completing the unit on surveying.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.5

    Unit-1 Expected Mapping With Programme Outcomes

    This section outlines the expected correlations between the program outcomes and various unit-specific outcomes of Unit-1, highlighting relationships in surveying principles.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.0

    Introduction

    Surveying is a fundamental aspect of civil engineering, integral for accurately determining the positions of natural and man-made features.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.1

    Importance Of Land Surveying

    Land surveying is crucial for civil engineering projects, ensuring accurate planning and boundary demarcation.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.2

    Basic Principles Of Surveying

    This section outlines the fundamental principles of surveying essential for accurate measurements and data collection.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.2.1

    Working From Whole To Part

    This section introduces the principle of working from whole to part in surveying, emphasizing the importance of dividing larger areas into smaller parts to minimize errors.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.2.2

    Establishing A Point By At Least Two Independent Measurements

    This section explains the method of establishing new survey points using at least two independent measurements from known control points.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.3

    History Of Mapping: Indian Perspective

    This section explores the historical development of mapping and surveying in India, highlighting significant contributions and advancements from ancient times to the establishment of modern mapping agencies.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.4

    Types Of Surveying

    This section outlines the two broad categories of land surveying: plane surveying and geodetic surveying, detailing their definitions and applications.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.4.1

    Plane Surveying

    Plane surveying considers the Earth’s surface as flat for projects covering less than 250 sq.km, neglecting Earth's curvature.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.4.2

    Geodetic Surveying

    Geodetic surveying accounts for the Earth's curvature, utilizing advanced tools for accuracy in large-scale areas.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.5

    Classification Of Survey

    This section outlines the various classifications of surveys based on instruments, place, methods, and purposes.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.5.1

    Types Of Survey Based On Instruments

    This section discusses the various types of surveys classified based on the instruments used, highlighting both traditional and modern surveying equipment.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.5.2

    Types Of Survey Based On Purpose

    This section outlines various types of surveys categorized by their purpose, including control surveys, topographic surveys, land boundary surveys, and more.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.6

    Maps

    Maps are graphical representations of the Earth's surface features, utilized in various fields including engineering, geography, and urban planning.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.7

    Map Scale

    The section discusses the concept of map scale, emphasizing the ratio between map distance and ground distance, and the methods of representing scales.

    Learning Practice

References

1a.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Surveying is the science of...
  • The accurate establishment ...
  • The advancement in surveyin...

Final Test

Revision Tests