Surveying and Geomatics | 2. Solution by Abraham | Learn Smarter
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2. Solution

2. Solution

This chapter focuses on the geometry and calculations involved in setting out circular curves, tangent lengths, and vertical curves in civil engineering. It emphasizes various methods for calculating angles, lengths, and offsets, as well as practical examples illustrating these concepts. The chapter also covers the transition curves and compound curves critical in roadway design and alignment.

44 sections

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Sections

Navigate through the learning materials and practice exercises.

  1. 1
    Solution:
  2. 1.1
    Chainage Of Apex V

    This section details the calculations necessary for determining chainage and...

  3. 1.2
    Deflection Angle D

    This section explains the concept of the deflection angle in road design,...

  4. 1.3

    This section provides fundamental calculations related to circular curves in...

  5. 1.4
    Peg Interval

    This section discusses the calculation of peg intervals in survey...

  6. 2
    Example 2.10:
  7. 2.1
    Tabulate The Data Needed
  8. 2.2
    Chainage Of Pi

    This section covers the calculations and methodologies used to determine the...

  9. 3
    Example 2.11:

    This section provides a comprehensive approach to setting out a circular...

  10. 3.1
    Tabulate The Necessary Data
  11. 4
    Example 2.12:
  12. 4.1
    Two Tangents Intersect

    This section focuses on the calculations and principles related to the...

  13. 5
    Example 2.13:

    This section outlines the calculations necessary to set out a simple...

  14. 5.1
    Two Straights Intersect

    This section covers the principles of calculating intersections between two...

  15. 6
    Example 2.14:

    This section focuses on calculating key data for setting out a compound...

  16. 6.1
    A Right Hand Compound Curve

    This section details the calculations and methods for setting out right-hand...

  17. 7
    Example 2.15:
  18. 7.1
    Two Straights Ac And Bc

    This section focuses on calculating parameters for setting up circular...

  19. 8
    Example 2.16:

    This section covers the calculation of chainages related to circular curves...

  20. 8.1
    Two Straights Ba And Ac

    This section covers the calculation of various parameters for connecting two...

  21. 9
    Example 2.17:
  22. 9.1
    Two Straights Ac And Cb

    This section delves into the calculations and processes involved in setting...

  23. 10
    Example 2.18:
  24. 10.1
    Two Parallel Railway Lines

    This section focuses on calculating parameters for setting circular curves...

  25. 11
    Example 2.19:
  26. 11.1
    Two Parallel Lines

    This section discusses the calculations involved in setting out circular...

  27. 12
    Example 2.20:
  28. 12.1
    A Reverse Curve Acb

    This section covers the calculations and principles involved in setting out...

  29. 13
    Example 2.21:
  30. 13.1
    A Reverse Curve

    This section discusses reverse curves in road and railway design, focusing...

  31. 14
    Example 2.22:

    This section covers the calculations necessary for setting out a transition...

  32. 14.1
    A Transition Curve Of The Cubic Parabola Type

    This section covers the mathematical principles and applications of cubic...

  33. 15
    Example 2.23:
  34. 15.1
    A Compound Curve Ab And Bc

    This section explains the principles of calculating and setting out compound...

  35. 16
    Example 2.24:
  36. 16.1
    Length Of Vertical Curve

    This section explores the calculations and methodologies involved in...

  37. 17
    Example 2.25:
  38. 17.1
    Length Of Vertical Curve

    This section delves into the calculations and concepts essential for...

  39. 18
    Example 2.26:

    This section provides calculations for the reduced levels (RL) of various...

  40. 18.1
    Calculate The Rl Of Various Stations

    This section outlines the methodology for calculating the Reduced Level (RL)...

  41. 19
    Example 2.27:
  42. 19.1
    A 1% Grade Meets A +2.0% Grade

    This section covers the calculations and methodology involved in designing...

  43. 20
    Example 2.28:
  44. 20.1
    Two Straights Ab And Bc

    This section discusses the calculation and setting out of circular curves...

What we have learnt

  • Understanding the geometric principles behind circular curves and their application in road design.
  • The calculations necessary to determine tangent lengths, curve lengths, and offsets for various types of curves.
  • How to execute practical examples involving setting out curves with theodolites and other surveying tools.

Key Concepts

-- Circular Curve
A curved path or alignment in civil engineering used to connect two straights, characterized by a constant radius.
-- Tangent Length
The straight distance from the point of intersection to the point of curve or tangency.
-- Transition Curve
A curve that gradually changes the alignment from a straight path to a circular curve, improving safety and comfort for vehicles.
-- Deflection Angle
The angle through which a vehicle must turn to follow a curve, calculated based on the geometry of the curve.
-- Vertical Curve
A parabolic curve that connects two different grades on a roadway, improving safety and vision.

Additional Learning Materials

Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.