4. Fluid Flow Through Parallel Plates
The chapter focuses on fluid dynamics, particularly the relationship between shear stress and shear strain rate in fluids. It contrasts the behavior of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, emphasizing the effect of temperature and pressure on the coefficient of viscosity. Additionally, it explores the concept of surface tension and its implications for fluid behavior in contact with solids and gases.
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What we have learnt
- Fluid flow through parallel plates exhibits linear velocity distribution.
- Shear stress is proportional to shear strain rate, differing from solid mechanics.
- Temperature influences the coefficient of viscosity: it decreases for liquids and increases for gases.
Key Concepts
- -- Shear Stress
- The stress component parallel to a given plane in a material, caused by applied force and resulting in deformation.
- -- Viscosity
- A measure of a fluid's resistance to deformation and flow; it describes how the shear stress relates to the shear strain rate.
- -- Newtonian Fluids
- Fluids for which the viscosity remains constant regardless of the shear rate applied.
- -- NonNewtonian Fluids
- Fluids whose viscosity changes with the shear rate; examples include shear-thinning and shear-thickening fluids.
- -- Surface Tension
- The tension at the surface of a liquid caused by cohesive forces among liquid molecules, leading to a minimizing surface area.
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