9. Basics of Robot Motion and Manipulation
Robot motion and manipulation are crucial for enabling robots to interact effectively with their environments. This chapter explores various types of robot motions, degrees of freedom, kinematics, and dynamics essential for robotic design and control. Additionally, it discusses the integration of motion planning algorithms, sensors, and emerging technologies in civil engineering applications.
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What we have learnt
- Robotic motion is categorized into joint space and Cartesian space, influencing how tasks are specified.
- Degrees of freedom (DOF) determine a robot's capability to maneuver in space, with 6 DOF generally required for 3D motion.
- The kinematics and dynamics of manipulators govern their movement and interaction with external forces, which are vital for precision tasks in construction.
Key Concepts
- -- Joint Space Motion
- Motion described by the angles of joints or positions of actuators, commonly utilized in articulated robots.
- -- Kinematics
- The study of motion without considering its causes, divided into forward and inverse kinematics to analyze robotic configurations.
- -- Degrees of Freedom (DOF)
- The number of independent movements a robot can perform, essential for evaluating its mobility in three-dimensional space.
- -- Homogeneous Transformation Matrix
- A mathematical representation that combines rotation and translation into a single matrix format to analyze movements.
- -- Trajectory Planning
- The process of defining how a robot should move from one point to another while considering speed, path, and control commands.
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