11. Dynamics of Robot Motion
Dynamics is a critical field within robotics that assesses the forces and torques affecting robot motion. It is categorized into forward dynamics, which calculates acceleration based on known forces, and inverse dynamics, which determines the forces needed for desired movements. The chapter explores mathematical modeling, dynamic equations, and various applications in control systems, emphasizing methods like Newton-Euler and Lagrangian formulations.
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What we have learnt
- Dynamics in robotics focuses on forces and torques that influence motion.
- Forward dynamics calculates accelerations based on input forces, while inverse dynamics determines required forces for desired motions.
- Control strategies such as computed torque control and adaptive control are essential for precise robotic operations.
Key Concepts
- -- Forward Dynamics
- A method that computes accelerations given the torques and forces applied to a robot.
- -- Inverse Dynamics
- A technique used to calculate the required torques or forces to achieve a desired acceleration or motion.
- -- NewtonEuler Formulation
- A formulation that combines Newton's laws of motion with Euler's rotational dynamics to analyze robot motion.
- -- Lagrangian Mechanics
- A method that uses energy principles to derive motion equations, defining the Lagrangian as the difference between kinetic and potential energy.
- -- Dynamic Modeling
- The process of creating mathematical models of robot dynamics to simulate and analyze their motion and control.
- -- Computed Torque Control
- A control strategy that utilizes dynamic models of the robot to ensure precise trajectory tracking.
- -- Friction Models
- Models that describe the forces opposing motion in robotic systems, including static and viscous friction.
- -- Contact Dynamics
- The study of interactions between a robot and its environment, crucial for tasks involving manipulation and locomotion.
- -- Kinodynamic Planning
- An approach to path planning that considers both kinematic and dynamic constraints to ensure feasible robot motion.
- -- Robust Control
- A control method designed to maintain performance in the presence of system uncertainties and external disturbances.
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