12. Decision-Making in Organizations
Decision-making is a crucial managerial responsibility that encompasses understanding various processes, types, models, and challenges within organizations. It integrates behavioral sciences and financial principles, emphasizing the importance of aligning decisions with organizational goals, supported by data. Successful decision-making requires a blend of analysis, strategic vision, and collaboration among teams, particularly enhanced by the use of technology and analytics in modern contexts.
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What we have learnt
- Decision-making is a core responsibility of managers, essential for all organizational processes.
- Types of decisions include programmed vs. non-programmed, strategic vs. tactical vs. operational, and rational vs. intuitive.
- The decision-making process typically involves steps such as problem identification, data collection, developing alternatives, and monitoring outcomes.
- Cognitive biases and group dynamics significantly influence decision-making outcomes.
- Financial decision-making involves capital budgeting, financing decisions, and working capital management.
- Decision Support Systems and technology greatly enhance the decision-making process by analyzing data.
- Challenges such as uncertainty, time constraints, and ethical dilemmas can hinder effective decision-making.
Key Concepts
- -- DecisionMaking
- The process of selecting the best course of action from various alternatives to achieve specific organizational outcomes.
- -- Programmed Decisions
- Routine decisions that are governed by established rules and procedures.
- -- Rational DecisionMaking Model
- A model that assumes decision-makers evaluate alternatives logically to maximize utility.
- -- Cognitive Biases
- Systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, affecting decisions.
- -- Decision Support Systems (DSS)
- Computer-based systems that support decision-making activities using data, models, and knowledge.
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